226例癌症患者陪护家属焦虑现状及其影响因素分析

目的 了解癌症患者陪护家属焦虑现状,分析产生焦虑的影响因素,为调节癌症患者家属焦虑情绪提供理论依据。 方法 抽取湖南省某肿瘤医院的234例住院癌症患者的陪护家属,采用包含基本情况和焦虑自评量表(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)的问卷调查其心理焦虑状况及其影响因素,用t检验、方差分析比较不同人口学特征、患者病情其陪护家属的焦虑SAS标准分。 结果 本次调查共发放234份调查问卷,有效问卷226份,有效回收率96.58%。该医院癌症患者家属焦虑发生率为69.91%,焦虑自评量表标准分为(55.67±10.60)分,显著高于普通人群(t=36.722,P<0.001)。不同年龄(F=12.032,P<0.001)、与患者的关系(F=2.487,P=0.024)、文化程度(F=15.333,P<0.001)、陪护时间(F=5.215,P<0.001)的家属SAS得分差异有统计学意义。患者不同部位(F=2.291,P=0.014)、癌症分期(F=4.300,P=0.006)、治疗时间(F=4.333,P=0.002)、疼痛程度(F=6.388,P<0.001)、自理程度(F=8.026,P<0.001)、对待疾病态度(F=28.788,P<0.001)、对疾病知情程度(F=6.808,P=0.001),其家属SAS得分差异有统计学意义。 结论 癌症患者家属人群中焦虑发生率显著高于普通人群;焦虑的程度既与家属年龄、与患者关系、文化程度、陪护时间等特征有关,也和患者的疾病病情、患病时间、对待疾病的态度有关。

Status quo of anxiety and its influencing factors among family caregivers accompanying 226 patients with cancer

Objective To investigate the anxiety status of family caregivers accompanying patients with cancer, to explore the factors influencing the occurrence of anxiety, and to provide a theoretical basis for adjusting the anxiety mood of the family caregivers. Methods Family caregivers of 234 cancer inpatients in a cancer hospital in Hunan Province were selected, and their psychological anxiety status and its influencing factors were surveyed by a general information questionnaire and Self-RatingAnxiety Scale (SAS). t test and analysis of variance were used to compare demographic characteristics, the patients’ disease condition, and SAS scores of the family caregivers. Results A total of 234 questionnaires were distributed in this survey, and 226 valid questionnaires were retrieved, with an effective recovery rate of 96.58%. The prevalence rate of anxiety in the family caregivers from this hospital was 69.91%. The standardized SAS score of the respondents was (55.67±10.60), which was significantly higher than that of general population(t=36.722,P<0.001). The SAS scores showed statistically significant differences among family caregivers with different ages (F=12.032, P<0.001), relationships with the patients (F=2.487, P=0.024), educational levels (F=15.333, P<0.001), and time spent on accompanying patients (F=5.215, P<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in the SAS scores of family caregivers accompanying patients with different cancers (F=2.291, P=0.014), cancer staging (F=4.300, P=0.006), treatment time (F=4.333, P=0.002), degrees of pain (F=6.388, P<0.001), degrees of self-care (F=8.026, P<0.001), attitude towards disease (F=28.788, P<0.001), and degrees of understanding of the informed consent (F=6.808, P=0.001). Conclusion The prevalence rate of anxiety in family members of the cancer patients was significantly higher than that of general population. The degree of anxiety was not only related to ages of the family members, relationships with the patients, educational level, and time spent with patients, but also the patients’ disease condition, cancer staging, and attitude towards the disease.