预防性使用PEG-rhG-CSF在有营养风险的局部晚期非小细胞肺癌化疗后中性粒细胞缺乏中的疗效

目的 探讨预防性使用聚乙二醇重组人粒细胞刺激因子（PEG-rhG-CSF）在有营养风险的局部晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者化疗期间中性粒细胞缺乏中的有效性和安全性。方法 选取有营养风险的局部晚期NSCLC患者337例。随机分为未预防性使用药物组112例（对照组）、预防性使用rhG-CSF治疗组112例（rhG-CSF治疗组）和预防性使用PEG-rhG-CSF治疗组113例（PEG-rhG-CSF治疗组）。观察化疗后中性粒细胞减少症的发生率和持续时间以及外周血中CD4+/CD8+T细胞的比值。结果 对照组、rhGCSF治疗组和PEG-rhG-CSF治疗组中性粒细胞减少症发生率分别为67.97%、41.57%和37.98%（P<0.05）；Ⅲ~Ⅳ度中性粒细胞减少症发生率分别为22.39%、14.25%和11.14%（P<0.05）；中性粒细胞减少性发热发生率分别为3.55%、1.84%和1.21%（P<0.05）；外周血中CD4⁺/CD8⁺T细胞比值分别为1.27±0.44、1.32±0.52和1.49±0.25（P<0.05）。PEG-rhG-CSF治疗组Ⅲ~Ⅳ度中性粒细胞减少症持续时间和中性粒细胞值从最低值到2.0×10⁹/L以上所需时间均低于对照组和rhG-CSF治疗组（P<0.05）。结论 预防性使用PEG-rhG-CSF能降低有营养风险的局部晚期NSCLC化疗期间中性粒细胞减少症的发生率，增强患者免疫功能。

Effect of PEG-rhG-CSF in Preventing Chemotherapy-induced Neutropenia in Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients at Nutritional Risk

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of polyethylene glycol recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) in preventing chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in locally advanced non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients at nutritional risk. Methods A total of 337 locally advanced NSCLC patients at nutritional risk were selected. They were randomly divided into three groups: 112 cases in the non-prophylactic drug group (control group), 112 cases in the prophylactic use of rhG-CSF treatment group (rhG-CSF group), and 113 cases in the prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF treatment group (PEG-rhG-CSF group). The incidence and duration of neutropenia after chemotherapy and the ratio of CD4⁺/CD8⁺T cells in peripheral blood were observed. Results The incidences of neutropenia in the control group, rhG-CSF group, and PEG-rhG-CSF group were 67.97%, 41.57%, and 38.98% (P<0.05), respectively. The incidences of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ neutropenia in the three groups were 22.39%, 14.25%, and 11.14% (P<0.05); moreover, the incidence of febrile neutropenia in the three groups was 3.55%, 1.84%, and 1.21% (P<0.05); in addition, the ratios of CD4+/CD8+T cells in peripheral blood were 1.27±0.44, 1.41±0.52, and 1.49±0.42 (P<0.05). The duration of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ neutropenia and the time required for the neutrophil value to reach 2.0×10⁹/L from the lowest value in the PEG-rhG-CSF group were lower than those in the control and rhG-CSF groups (P<0.05). Conclusion The PEG-rhG-CSF preventive treatment used in the course of chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced NSCLC patients at nutritional risk can reduce the incidence of neutropenia and improve immunologic function. PEG-rhG-CSF preventive treatment is worthy of clinical recommendation.