基层医疗卫生机构全科医生岗位吸引力的影响因素研究

目的 探讨基层医疗卫生机构全科医生岗位吸引力的影响因素，制定有效策略吸引更多的医学毕业生选择全科岗位，以期稳定并壮大基层医疗卫生机构全科医师队伍。方法 在文献研究和预调查的基础上设计问卷，2020年4月—7月对403名应届医学毕业生进行问卷调查，收回有效问卷394份，有效回收率为97.77%。采用结构方程模型分析工作环境、政策保障、个人发展和人际关系4个方面与基层医疗卫生机构全科医生岗位吸引力之间的关系。结果 在基层医疗卫生机构全科医生岗位吸引力结构模型中，工作环境、政策保障、个人发展和人际关系对岗位吸引力的标准化路径系数分别为0.375、0.145、0.236、0.176,表明工作环境对岗位吸引力的影响作用最大，其他影响因素依次是个人发展、人际关系和政策保障。而政策保障、人际关系、工作环境对个人发展的标准化路径系数是0.255、0.168、-0.116,表明政策保障对个人发展的影响最大，而工作环境对个人发展具有一定的负面影响。结论 轻松的工作环境、稳定的政策保障、和谐的人际关系和良好的个人发展空间有效提升基层医疗卫生机构全科医生岗位吸引力，且稳定的政策保障、和谐的人际关系通过促进个人...

Influencing factors of the job attraction of general practitioners in primary medical and health institutions

  Objective  To explore the influencing factors of the job attraction of general practitioners in primary medical and health institutions and formulate effective strategies to attract more medical graduates to choose the position of general practitioners, so as to stabilise and expand the team of general practitioners in primary medical and health institutions.  Methods  A questionnaire was designed on the basis of literature research and pre survey. From April 2020 to July 2020, a total of 403 fresh medical graduates were selected for questionnaire survey. A total of 394 valid questionnaires were recovered, and the effective recovery rate was 97.77%. The structural equation model was used to analyse the relationship between work environment, policy guarantee, personal development, interpersonal relationship and the job attraction of general practitioners in primary medical and health institutions.  Results  In the model, the standardised path coefficients of work environment, policy guarantee, personal development and interpersonal relationship on job attraction were 0.375, 0.145, 0.236 and 0.176, respectively, indicating that the work environment had the greatest impact on job attraction. The other influencing factors included personal development, interpersonal relationship and policy guarantee. The standardised path coefficients of policy guarantee, interpersonal relationship and working environment on personal development were 0.255, 0.168 and -0.116, indicating that policy guarantee had the greatest impact on personal development and the working environment had a certain negative impact on personal development.  Conclusion  Relaxed working environment, stable policy guarantee, harmonious interpersonal relationship and good personal development space effectively enhance the job attraction of general practitioners in primary medical and health institutions, and stable policy guarantee and harmonious interpersonal relationship have a significant indirect impact on the job attraction of general practitioners by promoting personal development. However, the loose working environment is not conducive to the personal development of general practitioners.