安徽省住院医师规范化培训学员对病理科培训需求的调查分析

  目的  调查安徽省住院医师规范化培训学员对病理科培训的掌握现状及需求，以期为病理科住培体系的建设提供参考。  方法  以安徽省5所综合性教学医院为代表，对2021年在病理科接受住培教育的学员发放病理科培训内容掌握及需求的调查问卷。  结果  问卷共发放124份，回收122份，回收率为98.39%。其中低于30%的非病理专业住培学员掌握活检小标本(10人)及常规术后标本取材(11人)，而病理专业的掌握程度超过85.00%(分别为74人和76人)。非病理专业住培学员对术后标本和术中冰冻切片的常见病掌握分别为32.43%(12人)和18.92%(7人)，而病理专业分别为82.35%(70人)和54.12%(46人); 对宫颈脱落细胞学的掌握，非病理专业和病理专业住培学员分别为10.81%(4人)和44.71%(38人)，差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.001)。对于培训需求，病理专业学员更希望学习常见病、疑难罕见病的诊断思路，非病理专业则倾向病理报告解读要点分析，此外，超过60.00%(57人)的病理专业学员选择HE染色和特殊染色、免疫组化的具体操作，而超过一半非病理专业倾向病理技术流程的理论介绍。  结论  病理科住培体系应根据住培学员的专业、学历不同开展分类分层精准培训。 

Requirements of standardised residency training in the department of pathology in Anhui Province

  Objective  To assess the content mastery and investigate the training needs of standardised residency training (SRT) residents in the department of pathology in Anhui Province, and provide suggestions for establishment of the SRT system for the department of pathology.  Methods  Questionnaires for the content mastery and training needs were distributed to trainees who were recruited in the SRT program in the department of pathology in five comprehensive teaching hospitals in Anhui Province in 2021.  Results  A total of 124 questionnaires were sent out and 122 were included, with an effective inclusion rate of 98.39%. Results showed that less than 30% of the non-pathology specialty trainees mastered the sampling of small biopsy specimens (10 cases) and routine postoperative specimens (11 cases), in contrast, more than 85.00% of the trainees mastered these two pathology techniques (74 cases, 76 cases). The diagnosis of common diseases of postoperative specimens and intraoperative frozen sections in non-pathology specialty trainees were 32.43% (12 cases) and 18.92% (7 cases), respectively, whereas those in the trainees majoring in pathology were 82.35% (70 cases) and 54.12% (46 cases), respectively. The mastery of cervical exfoliative cytology in the trainees who were not majoring in pathology and the trainees majoring in pathology was 10.81% (4 cases) and 44.71% (38 cases), respectively, and the differences were significant (all P < 0.001). For the training needs, pathology specialty trainees prefer to learn the pathology diagnosis ideas of common diseases and difficult and rare diseases, whereas non-pathology specialty trainees prefer to learn the analysis of the key points of the interpretation of pathological reports. In addition, more than 60.00% (57 cases) of pathology specialty trainees tend to the actual operation of pathology technology process of HE staining operation training and special staining and immunohistochemistry training, whereas more than half of non-pathology specialty trainees tend to the theoretical introduction of pathology technology process.  Conclusion  Classification and stratification of precise training according to the different specialization and education backgrounds of the trainees are needed in the SRT program in the department of pathology.