MiRNA-155在反复喘息儿童中的表达及与Th1/Th2细胞平衡的关系研究

  目的  分析反复喘息儿童miRNA-155的表达量，探讨miRNA-155与喘息及Th1/Th2细胞平衡的可能关系。  方法  选取2019年1月—2020年10月在玉环市人民医院住院的反复喘息40例儿童为观察组，同期在该院健康体检儿童40例为对照组。检测2组儿童外周血miRNA-155、IFN-γ及IL-4水平。  结果  观察组miRNA-155表达量为5.24(3.42, 7.45)，对照组miRNA-155表达量为6.52(4.51, 12.88)，观察组miRNA-155表达量显著低于对照组，2组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。观察组IFN-γ/IL-4值为0.73±0.09，对照组IFN-γ/IL-4值为0.82±0.10，观察组IFN-γ/IL-4值显著低于对照组，2组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。观察组miRNA-155表达量与喘息次数呈负相关关系(r=-0.557，P＜0.05)。观察组miRNA-155表达量与IFN-γ/IL-4值无相关关系(r=0.223，P＞0.05)。  结论  miRNA-155表达量可能与儿童喘息发生呈负相关关系，miRNA-155表达量下降可能会增加儿童喘息发生的风险；IFN-γ与IL-4比值下降可能会增加儿童喘息发生的风险，但未发现miRNA-155表达量与Th1/Th2细胞平衡存在明显相关性。 

Expression of miRNA-155 in children with recurrent wheezing and its relationship with Th1/Th2 cell balance

  Objective  To analyse the expression of miRNA-155 in children with recurrent wheezing and to explore the possible relationship between miRNA-155 and wheezing and the balance of Th1/Th2 cells.  Methods  Forty cases of children with recurrent wheezing in Yuhuan People's Hospital from January 2019 to October 2020 were selected as observation group, and 40 cases of healthy children in our hospital at the same time were selected as control group. The levels of miRNA-155, IFN-γ and IL-4 in the peripheral blood of the two groups were detected.  Results  The expression of miRNA-155 in the observation group was 5.24(3.42, 7.45), and that in the control group was 6.52(4.51, 12.88). The expression of miRNA-155 in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The IFN-γ/IL-4 value of the observation group was 0.73±0.09, and that of the control group was 0.82±0.10, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The expression of miRNA-155 was negatively correlated with the number of wheezing in the observation group (r=-0.557, P < 0.05). No correlation was observed between the expression of miRNA-155 and IFN-γ/IL-4 value in the observation group (r=0.223, P>0.05).  Conclusion  The expression of miRNA-155 may be negatively correlated with the occurrence of wheezing in children, and the decreased expression of miRNA-155 may increase the risk of wheezing in children. Decreased IFN-γ-to-IL-4 ratio may increase the risk of wheezing in children, but there is no significant correlation between the expression of miRNA-155 and the balance of Th1/Th2 cells.