河北省城乡地区6~24月龄婴幼儿喂养状况研究

目的 了解河北省城乡地区6~24月龄婴幼儿的喂养状况,并应用婴幼儿喂养指数(infant and child feeding index,ICFI)评价城乡地区不同月龄组婴幼儿的喂养行为,为指导婴幼儿喂养提供科学的参考依据。 方法 数据来自2015年中国居民食物消费状况调查。选取6~24月龄婴幼儿作为研究对象,应用ICFI对喂养行为(24 h母乳喂养、24 h奶瓶喂养、24 h膳食种类、1周辅食添加天数)进行评分。 结果 本研究共纳入婴幼儿861名,ICFI平均得分为(10.58±3.18)分,不同月龄组间ICFI平均得分的差异有统计学意义(F=141.119,P=0.000),在6~8月龄组中,城市ICFI平均得分为(7.61±3.15)分,显著高于农村的(5.44±3.04)分(F=11.859,P=0.001)。喂养总合格率为54.94%(473/861),各月龄组的喂养合格率分别为14.16%、38.78%、66.56%,不同月龄组间喂养合格率的差异均有统计学意义(χ²=124.181,P=0.000)。婴幼儿辅食添加满分率较高的为蛋类、谷薯类、水果、蔬菜,较低的为豆类及其制品、奶类及其制品。 结论 河北省农村地区的低月龄婴幼儿喂养较差,建议加强对辅食添加时间、种类及添加频率等方面婴幼儿喂养知识的宣传。

Status of feeding among infants and young children aged 6-24 months in urban and rural areas of Hebei Province

Objective To investigate the status of feeding in infants and young children aged 6-24 months in urban and rural areas of Hebei Province, to evaluate the feeding behavior among infants in different age groups in urban and rural areas by using infant and child feeding index (ICFI), and to provide scientific references for guiding feeding of infant and young children. Methods The data were collected from Food Consumption Survey of Chinese Residents in 2015. Infants and young children aged 6-24 months were selected as the research subjects, and their feeding behaviors (including 24-hour breast-feeding, 24-hour bottle-feeding, 24-hour dietary categories, and days of supplementary food in a week) were evaluated by infant and child feeding index (ICFI). Results A total of 861 infants and young children were enrolled in this study, and the average score of ICFI was (10.58±3.18). The average scores of ICFI showed statistically significant differences among different age groups (F=141.119, P=0.000). In the group aged 6-8 months, the average score of ICFI in urban areas was statistically higher than that in rural areas ((7.61±3.15) vs. (5.44±3.04), F=11.859, P=0.001). The total qualified rate of feeding was 54.94% (473/861), and the qualified rates of feeding in three age groups were 14.16%, 38.78% and 66.56%, respectively, showing statistically significant differences (χ²=124.181, P=0.000). The full score rates of intake of supplemental food like eggs, cereals and tubers, fruits and vegetables were higher in the infants and young children, while the full score rates of intake of beans and their products, milk and its products were lower. Conclusion The feeding status of infants of low age in rural areas of Hebei Province is poor. It is suggested that the propaganda about infant feeding knowledge in terms of timing, types and frequency of supplementary feeding should be strengthened.