远视屈光参差性弱视治疗前后黄斑微血管密度和黄斑厚度的定量分析

目的 探讨远视屈光参差性弱视患者治疗前后黄斑微血管密度、黄斑厚度的变化及对治疗和预后的意义。方法 选取远视屈光参差性弱视患儿43例(43眼)为弱视组，年龄匹配的正常儿童52例(52眼)为对照组。弱视眼进行分视刺激联合遮盖治疗，采用OCTA测量浅层毛细血管丛(SCP)、深层毛细血管丛(DCP)的黄斑微血管密度，黄斑中心凹厚度和副中心凹内、外层厚度。结果 弱视组患者治疗前黄斑SCP微血管密度在颞侧、上侧、鼻侧、下侧四个象限均小于对照组，弱视组患者治疗后在四个象限的SCP血管密度较治疗前均有明显改善，差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。弱视组患者治疗前黄斑中心凹厚度大于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。弱视组患者治疗前副中心凹内层厚度与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),弱视组患者治疗前与治疗后副中心凹内层厚度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。弱视组患者治疗前黄斑SCP微血管密度和黄斑副中心凹内层厚度呈正相关(r=0.426,P=0.029),但对照组无此相关性(r=0.151,P=0.563)。弱视组、对照组受试者治疗前黄斑DCP微血管密度与副中...

Quantitative analysis of macular microvessel density and macular thickness before and after treatment in patients with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia

Objective　To investigate the changes in the macular microvessel density (MVD) and macular thickness before and after treatment in patients with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia and their significance to treatment and prognosis. Methods　A total of 43 children (43 eyes) with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia were selected as the amblyopic group, and 52 age-matched normal children (52 eyes) were selected as the control group. The amblyopic eyes were treated with dichoptic stimulation combined with masking. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was used to measure the MVD at the superficial capillary plexuses (SCP) and deep capillary plexuses (DCP), the central macular thickness (CMT), and the thickness of the inner and outer layers of the parafovea. Results　The SCP-MVD in the temporal, superior, nasal and inferior sides in the amblyopic group was lower than that in the control group before treatment, while after treatment, the SCP-MVD in the four sides in the amblyopic group improved significantly (all P<0.001). CMT in the amblyopic group was significantly higher than that in the control group before treatment (P<0.05). There was a statistical difference in the thickness of the inner layer of the parafovea between the amblyopic group and the control group before treatment (P<0.05). There was also a statistical difference in the thickness of the inner layer of the parafovea before and after treatment in the amblyopic group (P<0.05). Before treatment, the SCP-MVD was positively correlated with the thickness of the inner layer of the parafovea in the amblyopic group (r=0.426, P=0.029), while there was no correlation between the two parameters in the control group (r=0.151, P=0.563). There was no correlation between the DCP-MVD and the thickness of the outer layer of the parafovea in the amblyopic and control groups before treatment (r=0.249, P=0.274; r=0.108, P=0.624). Conclusion　The SCP-MVD in amblyopic eyes is lower than that in control eyes before treatment, while after treatment, it improves significantly in the four quadrants. There is a positive correlation between the SCP-MVD and the thickness of the inner layer of the parafovea in amblyopic eyes.