2003—2018年上海市金山区道路交通伤害死亡特征及趋势分析

目的了解2003—2018年金山区居民交通伤害死亡的流行病学特点及其趋势,为开展交通安全防控工作提供建议。方法对2003—2018年上海市金山区居民交通伤害死亡资料进行分析,采用死亡率、标化死亡率、年度变化百分比(annual percent change,APC)、潜在减寿年(potential years of life lost,PYLL)、平均减寿年数(average years of life lost,AYLL)等指标对死亡情况进行分析。结果金山区2003—2018年交通事故粗死亡率为19.59/10万,标化死亡率为16.23/10万。16年间交通伤害粗死亡率及标化死亡率呈下降趋势(APC分别为-4.76%、-7.99%,P<0.001);以摩托车交通伤害死亡为主,占死亡总数的43.69%;交通伤害死亡PYLL为28414人年,PYLL率为3.41‰,PYLL标化率为3.59‰,AYLL为17.41年/人。结论2003—2018年金山区交通事故死亡率低于同期全国平均水平,呈下降趋势。应着重关注摩托车交通伤害,采取科学性、有效性和长期性的综合干预措施。

Characteristics and trend of road traffic injury deaths in Jinshan District of Shanghai, 2003-2018

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and trend of traffic injury deaths among residents in Jinshan District of Shanghai from 2003 to 2018 so as to provide suggestions for traffic safety prevention and control. Methods Data about road traffic injury deaths in residents in Jinshan Districtof Shanghaiduring 2003-2018 were analyzed. The mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, annual percent change (APC), potential years of life lost (PYLL) and average years of life lost (AYLL) were calculated to analyze the status and trend of deaths due to traffic accidents. Results The crude death rate (CDR) of traffic accidents in Jinshan District during 2003-2018 was 19.59/100,000, and the standardized mortality rate 16.23/100,000. During these 16 years, the CDR and the standardized mortality rate of traffic accidents presented a downward trend (APC=-4.76%, APC=-7.99%, P<0.001). Motorcycle traffic injury was the main cause of traffic accident deaths, accounting for 43.69% of the total deaths. The PYLL, PYLL rate, standardized PYLL rate and AYLL of traffic injury deaths were 28,414 person-years, 3.41‰, 3.59‰ and 17.41 years/person. Conclusion The traffic accident mortality rate in Jinshan District during 2003-2018 was lower than the national average level, and showed a decreasing trend. More attention should be paid to motorcycle traffic injury, and scientific, effective and long-term comprehensive intervention measures are necessary.