免疫检查点抑制剂相关肺炎的诊治进展

过去的几年中,免疫治疗在肿瘤治疗领域取得了不可忽视的成绩,为肿瘤患者带来了新的希望,但免疫检查点抑制剂在阻断肿瘤细胞免疫逃逸的同时,也可能导致免疫耐受失衡,发生免疫相关不良反应。免疫检查点抑制剂相关肺炎是免疫检查点抑制剂应用过程中出现的免疫相关性不良反应之一,此类不良反应临床症状、影像学表现及病理表现均不典型,且有潜在的致死性,增加患者的死亡率。随着免疫检查抑制剂越来越多的投入临床,相关病例也逐渐增多,需要临床医生对高危患者密切观察,疑有免疫检查点抑制剂相关肺炎发生时及时识别、尽早做出相应的处理,并在此类肺炎痊愈后谨慎评估是否可以继续使用免疫治疗。本文就其临床表现、诊断及治疗等作一综述,以提高临床医生对此类药物治疗引起的免疫相关性肺炎的认识,为此类药物的临床应用提供参考。

Research progress on the immune checkpoint inhibitors induced pneumonia

In the past few years,immunotherapy has achieved remarkable results in the field of tumor therapy,which has brought new hope to cancer patients.However,while immune checkpoint inhibitors block the immune escape of tumor cells,they may also lead to immune tolerance suffering is unbalanced and immune-related adverse reactions occur.Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated pneumonia is one of the immune-related adverse reactions that occur during the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors.The clinical symptoms,imaging findings,and pathological manifestations of such adverse reactions are atypical and potentially lethal.Increase patient mortality.With more and more immunosuppressive inhibitors being put into clinical practice,related cases have also gradually increased.Clinicians are required to closely observe high-risk patients.Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonia is identified in time and corresponding treatment is made as soon as possible And after the recovery of such pneumonia,carefully evaluate whether you can continue to use immunotherapy.This article reviews its clinical manifestations,diagnosis,and treatment to improve clinicians' understanding of immune-related pneumonia caused by such drugs and provide references for the clinical application of such drugs.