粪样中241Am测量方法的探索

目的 对粪样中超铀核素²⁴¹Am的分析测量方法进行研究，初步建立粪样中²⁴¹Am的分析方法，为工作人员内照射监测提供技术支持。方法 利用自行研制的粪样取样器和碳化灰化炉对粪样采集处理；采用DGA树脂对粪样中²⁴¹Am进行分离纯化的方法研究，用²⁴³Am为示踪剂并采用正交法进行条件优化实验。结果 初步确定以6 Mol/LHNO₃为上柱酸度、0.6 mL/min上柱速度和解析体积为12 mL的最佳分离纯化的条件；同时基于ICP-MS对粪样进行质谱测量分析，确定了基于ICP-MS的²⁴¹Am的检出限为9.79×10^-4 Bq，测量结果理想，具有可行性。结论 本文建立的方法在一定程度上弥补了对粪样中²⁴¹Am测量方法研究的空缺，对内照射监测和分析人员保护有实际意义。

Exploration of 241Am measurement in fecal samples

Objective To preliminarily study and establish a method for measurement of the transuranic nuclide ²⁴¹Am in fecal samples, and to provide technical support for internal radiation monitoring of staff.Methods Fecal samples were collected with a self-made stool sampler and treated with a self-made carbonization and ashing furnace. DGA resin was used to separate and purify ²⁴¹Am from fecal samples. With ²⁴³Am as the tracer, the orthogonal method was used for condition optimization. Results The optimum conditions for separation and purification were: the acidity of HNO₃ added into the column, 6 mol/L; column flow rate, 0.6 mL/min; and the volume of analytical solution,12 mL. The method based on inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry showed a detection limit of 9.79×10^-4 Bq for ²⁴¹Am in fecal samples, which was satisfactory and feasible. Conclusion This method fills the vacancy of ²⁴¹Am measurement in fecal samples to some extent, which is of practical significance for internal radiation monitoring and protection for analysts.