人工材料在急性运动骨损伤中的应用与表面修饰

摘要 背景：选择合适的表面修饰材料，有针对性的对基质支架材料进行表面改性和表面修饰，提高材料表面的细胞黏附性以及促进细胞的增生是骨组织工程支架材料研究的重要内容。 目的：概述骨组织工程支架材料的运用情况，支架材料表面修饰材料的运用以及修饰方法或途径。 方法：由第一作者检索1995/2010 PubMed数据及万方数据库文章，选择与组织工程支架材料运用及表面修饰相关的文献。 结果与结论：成骨细胞与支架材料的作用依赖于材料的表面特性、局部形态、表面能或化学能等，这些表面特性决定了细胞怎样吸附到材料表面、细胞的定位以及细胞的功能行为等。因此生物材料的复杂性和细胞-生物材料表面的相互作用决定着进行生物支架材料表面修饰的重要性。理想的表面修饰应该兼顾表面拓扑结构、特异性识别、亲水与疏水平衡、蛋白质吸附等各个方面才能得到功能化的新生组织。目前，应用最多的表面修饰材料是Ⅰ型胶原，未来研究中将多种表面修饰材料进行复合发挥材料的互补作用，以及基因疗法和纳米材料的发展，将成为骨组织工程学领域研究的热点问题。 关键词：骨；支架材料；表面修饰；运动损伤；生物材料 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.03.041

Surface modified biomaterials for repairing acute exercise-induced bone damage

Abstract BACKGROUND: The key research of bone tissue engineering scaffolds is selecting the appropriate materials for surface modification, targeting to the surface modification of matrix scaffold materials, improving the cell adhesion on the surface of materials, and promoting cell proliferation. OBJECTIVE: To overview application of bone tissue engineering scaffold materials and scaffold surface modification materials, as well as the modification method or means. METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed database and Wanfang database from 1995 to 2010 was performed by the first author for articles related to use of tissue engineering scaffolds and surface modification. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The roles of osteoblasts and scaffolds depend on the material surface properties, local morphology, surface energy or chemical energy, etc. These surface characteristics determine how to adsorb to the material surface, cell positioning and cell functional behavior. Therefore, the complexity of biomaterials and cell-biomaterial surface interactions determine the importance of surface modification of biological scaffolds. Ideal surface modification should take into account the surface topology, specific identification, hydrophilic and hydrophobic balance, protein adsorption, thus obtaining functionalized new tissue. Currently, the most widely used material for surface modification is collagen I, future research will focus on complementary roles of a variety of composite materials for surface modification, as well as gene therapy and the development of nano-materials, becomes a hot issue in the field of bone tissue engineering study