2004-2005年广东省居民意外交通伤害死亡状况和疾病负担研究

目的了解2004—2005年广东省居民意外交通伤害死亡状况及其疾病负担情况。方法以广东省2004-2005年居民死亡原因登记系统数据和交通伤害抽样调查资料为基础，采用多级整群抽样方法，根据地区经济发展状况，在广东省抽取12个调查点，用描述性流行病学方法分析其居民交通伤害死亡情况，通过计算潜在寿命损失年（YPLL），评价交通伤害死亡的疾病负担。结果2004-2005年广东省居民意外交通伤害死亡3237例，交通伤害死亡率为21．3／10万，标化死亡率为20．1／10万，占伤害死亡的41．9％（3237／7721），占总死亡的3．2％（3237／99919）。交通伤害标化死亡率农村（21．9／10万）高于城市（16．3／10万），男性（29．2／10万）高于女性（11．0／10万）（均P〈0．01）；交通伤害死亡主要集中在15～59岁年龄段，占全部交通伤害死亡的71．3％（2308／3237）。交通伤害死亡的主要人群是行人、骑摩托车者、骑自行车者，分别占交通伤害死亡的41．9％、20．1％、3．2％。12、1、2月的交通伤害死亡人数较多，分别为292、317和281例，占全年交通伤害死亡的9．0％、9．8％、8．7％；另一个高峰是夏季的6、7、8月，死亡人数分别为266、293和284例．占全年交通伤害死亡的8．2％、9．0％和8．8％。2004-2005年广东省因交通伤害死亡造成的YPLL为10．2万人年，YPLLR为674．2／10万，交通伤害死亡YPLL占伤害死亡YPLL的44．3％；其中农村和城市分别为7．7万人年和2．5万人年；男性和女性分别为7．4万人年和2．7万人年；15—29岁年龄组损失最高（3．8万人年），占该年龄组伤害YPLL的55．9％；30—44岁年龄组次之（3．4万人年），占该年龄组伤害死亡YPLL的49．3％。结论交通伤害死亡是广东省居民伤害死亡的主要原因，不仅危害青壮年人群健康和生命，还给个人、家庭和社会带来沉重的负担，政府应尽快采取有效的措施进行干预。

Deaths of traffic injury and disease burden among residents in Guangdong Province,2004-2005

Objective To describe the deaths of traffic injury and disease burden among the residents in Guangdong Province during 2004-2005. Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate 12 different districts according to the regional economic development in Guangdong Province. The status of mortality caused by traffic injury in Guangdong Province was estimated based on data from death registration and a sampling survey from 2004 to 2005. The disease burden of traffic injury was evalua- ted by using the years of potential life lost （YPLL）. Results The deaths of traffic injury among residents in Guangdong Province from 2004 to 2005 were 3 237, the mortality of the traffic injury was 21.3/100 000, and standardized mortality of traffic injury was 20. 1/100 000, accounting for 41.9% （3 237/7 721 ） of the injury mortality and 3.2% （3 237/99 919） of the total mortality. The standardized mortality of traffic injury was different between the rural area （21.9/100 000） and the urban area （ 16. 3/100 000） （ P 〈 0.01 ）,and male （29. 2/100 000） and female （ 11.0/100 000） （ P 〈0. 01 ）. The deaths caused by traffic injury were mainly young adults aged 15 to 59 years old. The main traffic injury deaths were pedestrians （41.9%） , motorcycle riders （20.1%） , and cyclists （3.2%）. Traffic injury was mainly occurred from December to February and from June to August. The YPLL cause by traffic injury in Guangdong Province from 2004 to 2005 was 102 000 person years, and YPLLR was 674. 2/100 000, accounting for 44. 3% of the YPLL caused by injury. The YPLL cause by traffic injury was higher in rural area （77 000 person years） than urban area （25 000 person years） and higher for male （74 000 person years ） than female （27 000 person years）. Besides, the YPLL caused by traffic injury was highest in the 15 -29 age group （38 000 person years） , accounting for 55.9% of the YPLL caused by injury in the same age group. The second highest YPLL was in the 30 -44 age group （34 000 person years ） , accounting for 49.3 % of the YPLL caused by injury in the same age group. Conclusion Traffic injury is the main death cause among the injury deaths in Guangdong Province. Traffic injury not only does harm to the health and life of the young adults, but also brings heavy burden to the individual, family and the whole society. Therefore, the government should take effective measures to intervene.