鸡蛋摄人与心血管疾病危险因素关系的横断面研究

目的探讨蛋类食物的摄入与心血管疾病危险因素之间的关联。方法采用随机抽样的横断面设计，使用食物频数问卷（FFQ）在广州市越秀区人民街调查了459名居民的膳食摄入情况，检测身高、体重和血压，抽取空腹静脉血检测血脂（TC、LDL—C、HDL—C、TG）、凝血酶原时间（PT）和纤维蛋白原（Fibrinogen），进行心电图检查（心率和QT间期）以及用B超检测颈动脉血管壁内中膜厚度（IMT），分析鸡蛋摄入次数与心血管疾病危险因素之间的关联。根据鸡蛋摄入次数将研究对象分为4组，用方差分析和协方差分析研究组间心血管疾病危险因素的差异和线性趋势。结果459名研究对象中男性174人，女性285人，平均每人每周吃2．5次鸡蛋（中位教）。根据鸡蛋摄入次数分为4组：〈1次／周、≥1且〈3次／周、≥3且〈6次／周、≥6次／周。4组人数分别为：62（13．5％）、187（40．7％）、120（26．1％）和90（19．6％）人。在未校正混杂因素的模型中，蛋类食物的摄入与血浆TC和LDL．C存在负相关关系，蛋类食物摄入量最多组（≥6次／周）相比于最低组（〈1次／周），血浆TC和LDL—C分别低8．8％（P〈0．01）和11．7％（P〈0．05）；校正了多种因素后，蛋类食物的摄入与血浆TC（P〈0．05）和LDL—C（P〈0．01）存在负相关关系。未发现蛋类摄入量与血压、HDL、PT、纤维蛋白原、心率及QTc之间存在关联（均P〉0．05）。结论该研究提示蛋类摄入可能与血浆TC和LDL—C存在负相关。

Cross-sectional study of relationship between egg intakes and cardiovascular risk factors

Objective To investigate the relationship between egg intakes and cardiovascular risk factors. Methods Overall 459 Guangzhou residents were randomly selected in Renmin Street, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou City. Their habitual dietary intakes were assessed with food frequency questionnaire （FFQ） and blood pressure, plasma lipids, prothrombin time, fibrinogen, heart rate, QT interval and ca- rotid bifurcation intima-media thickness were measured as cardiovascular risk factors. Subjects were divided into 4 groups according to the frequency of egg intakes. ANOVA and ANCOVA were used to analyze the differences and the linear trend of the risk factors among groups. Results Among 459 subjects, 174 were male and 285 were female. They ate eggs 2. 5 times/week on average （median）. Of the subjects, 62 were in the group of egg intake for 〈 1 time~week, 187 for /〉1 but 〈3 times/week, 120 for /〉3 bat 〈6 times/ week, and 90 for~〉6 times/week. In un-adjusted model there were negative associations between egg in- takes and plasma TC and LDL-C. The TC and LDL-C of subjects in the group of egg intake for~〉6 times/ week were g. 8% and 11.7% lower than those in the group of egg intake for 〈 1 time/week. After adjust- ment for a variety of factors, the significant negative correlations were found between egg intake and plasma TC （P 〈 0. 05 ） and LDL-C （P 〈 0. 01 ）. No significant associations were observed between the egg intakes and other cardiovascular risk factors （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Egg intakes are negatively associated withplasma TC and LDL-C.