广东省四会市2004-2010年居民死因监测结果分析

目的分析广东四会市2004-2010年居民死亡趋势、死因谱，掌握四会市居民主要疾病谱和变化趋势，为卫生政策制定和资源配置提供科学依据。方法收集2004-2005年四会市第3次死因回顾调查资料以及2006-2010年居民常规死因监测资料，采用国际疾病分类ICD-10进行编码，运用Excel和SPSS13．0进行统计分析，计算人群粗死亡率、标化死亡率、死因构成、平均期望寿命等指标。结果2004-2010年四会市居民年平均死亡率为581．51／10万（标化死亡率为470．80／10万），其中男性平均死亡率为610．28／10万（标化死亡率为667．89／10万），女性平均死亡率为550．93／10万（标化死亡率为321．72／10万），两者差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。前5位死因依次为呼吸系统疾病、循环系统疾病、肿瘤、损伤和中毒、消化系统疾病，前5位死因合计占全死因构成的89．78％。起源于围生期的某些疾病是0—4岁组居民的首位死因，损伤和中毒是5～19岁组居民的首位死因，肿瘤是20-59岁组居民的首位死因，呼吸系统疾病、循环系统疾病、肿瘤是60岁及以上居民的前3位死因。结论起源于围生期的某些疾病、损伤和中毒、慢性病是四会市居民的主要死亡原因，育龄妇女应加强产检，预防婴幼儿围生期疾病，儿童青年应着重加强损伤和中毒的预防，中老年人应加强呼吸系统疾病、循环系统疾病、肿瘤等慢性病的防治。

Analysis of surveillance results of cause of death among residents in Sihui City, Guangdong Province, 2004-2010

Objective To provide reference for health policy making and resource allocation by analyzing the mortality trend and the cause of death spectrum of residents in Sihui City in Guangdong Province from 2004 to 2010. Methods Data of the third death retrospective survey and surveillance of death cause in Sihui City were collected. Data of death were coded using the International Classification of Diseases （ICD- 10）, and analyzed by calculating the population crude death rate, standardized mortality rate （SMR）, causes of death, the average life expectancy and other indicators. Results The average annual mortality rate was 581.51/100 000 （ SMR： 470. 80/100 000） in residents in Sihui City for 2004 to 2010; 610. 28/100 000 （SMR： 667.89/100 000） for male and 550. 93/100 000 （SMR：321.72/100 000） for female, respectively, with statistically significant difference （P 〈 0. 05）. The top five causes of death were respiratory diseases, circulatory diseases, cancer, injury and poisoning and digestive system diseases, accounting for 89. 78% of all causes of death. The main death causes were diseases occurred during the perinatal period in 0 -4 years age group, injury and poisoning in 5 - 19 age group, cancer in 20 -59 age group, respiratory diseases, circulatory system diseases and cancer in 〉160 years old residents. Conclusion Diseases occurred during the perinatal period, injury and poisoning, and chronic diseases were the major causes of death of residents in Sihui City. Prenatal care should be strengthened to prevent perinatal diseases; young children should be focused on the prevention of injury and poisoning; the elderly should strengthen the prevention and treatment of respiratory system diseases, circulatory diseases, cancer and other chronic diseases.