2004-2005年广东省居民心脑血管疾病死亡特征分析

目的了解广东省居民心脑血管疾病的死亡特征，为预防及干预提供参考依据。方法利用2006年广东省第3次全国死因回顾调查资料，包括2004年1月1日至2005年12月31日广东省12个县（区、市）居民死亡个案资料，采用“死亡原因调查表”及“死因推断量表”2种调查表进行调查。结果广东省调查点2004-2005年心脑血管疾病死亡38170例，死亡率为251．6／10万（38170／15170945），占全死因的38．2％（38170／99919）。脑血管疾病标化死亡率为102．1／10万，男性标化死亡率（132．2／10万）高于女性（77．7／10万）（P〈0．01），农村标化死亡率（110．7／10万）高于城市（83．1／10万）（P〈0．01）；心血管疾病标化死亡率为88．5／10万，男性标化死亡率（106．8／10万）高于女性（73．4／10万）（P〈0．01），农村标化死亡率（89．5／10万）高于城市（87．0／10万）（P〈0．01）。心脑血管疾病死亡率随着年龄增加呈升高趋势（P〈0．01），60岁及以上人群死亡率为1926．2／10万。心脑血管疾病死亡人群主要以农林牧渔职业为主，占69．75％（26625／38170）；文化程度以文盲、半文盲和小学为主，占83．24％（31774／38170）。结论心脑血管疾病是广东省居民的首位死因，应重点加强60岁及以上老年人群，尤其农村老年人心脑血管疾病防治健康教育和健康促进，同时加大基层医疗机构的投入和建设，提高基层心脑血管疾病诊疗水平，降低心脑血管疾病死亡率。

Death analysis on heart and cerebrovascular diseases of the residents in Guangdong Province, 2004-2005

Objective To describe the death characteristics of heart and cerebrovascular diseases in Guangdong Province and provide basis for prevention and intervention. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted in 2006 to collect death case lists in 12 counties or districts, then the death households and hospitals were visited to collect information about death cause through questionnaire of ＂cause of death questionnaire＂ and ＂cause of death conclusion form＂. Results During 2004-2005, 38 170 heart and cerebrovascular diseases deaths occurred in Guangdong and the mortality rate was 251.6/100 000, accounting for 38.2% of all death cases. The standardization mortality rate （SMR） of cerebrovascular diseases was 102. 1/100 000. The SMR of cerebrovascular diseases in male （ 132. 2/100 000） was higher than that in female （77.7/100 000） （P 〈 0. 01 ） ; and the SMR in rural area （ 110. 7/100 000） was higher than that in urban area （83.1/100 000） （P 〈 0. 01）. The SMR of heart diseases was 88.5/100 000. The SMR of heart diseases in male （ 106. 8/100 000） was higher than that in female （ 73.4/100 000） （ P 〈 0. 01 ） ; and the SMR in rural area （89.5/100 000） was higher than that in urban area （87.0/100 000） （P 〈 0. 01）. The mortality rate increased with age（P 〈0. 01）, and it was 1 926. 2/100 000 in ≥60 years old. Persons who die from heart and cardiovascular disease were mainly engaged in agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry, or fishery work, accounting for 69.75 % （26 625/38 170） ; their education levels were maily analphabetic, semiliterate or primary school （83.24%, 31 774/38 170）. Conclusion Heart and cerebrovascular diseases were the leading cause of death in Guangdong Province. Health education and promotion should be focused on the old people in 60 years or older, especially in rural area. Meanwhile, we should improve the primary diagnosis and treatment of the heart and cerebrovascular disease and reduce the morality rate by increasing investment and construction for primary health care.