基于多指标成分分析野生与栽培秦艽药材商品规格等级

利用超高效液相色谱法测定秦艽药材所含7种主要化学成分的含量,通过典型对应分析和Fisher判别分析等现代统计学方法对药材化学指标进行聚类,划分质量等级,再结合相关性分析筛选药材品质指标,对野生和栽培秦艽药材不同商品规格和同一商品规格不同等级的药材质量进行综合定量化等级划分,为秦艽药材商品规格等级的合理划分提供依据。最终明确了以龙胆苦苷、马钱苷酸、獐牙菜苦苷等为主要指标成分的质量评价范围,并引入了中药材质量等级判别指数(herbal quality index,简称HQI),通过Fisher判别分析建立了基于药材品质的等级判别函数。经过分析,无论野生、栽培,萝卜艽质优、麻花艽质良、小秦艽质差。同一规格不同等级间,栽培萝卜艽一等质差、二等质良、三等质优;野生萝卜艽一等质良、二等质优;麻花艽一等质优、二等质良;小秦艽一等质良、二等质优,但均不显著。该研究对秦艽药材品质的定量化评价提供了思路和方法。

Analysis of commercial specifications and grades of wild and cultivated Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix based on multi-indicative constituents

The study is aimed to analyze the commercial specifications and grades of wild and cultivated Gentianae Macrophllae Radix based on multi-indicative constituents. The seven kinds of main chemical components containing in Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix were determined by UPLC, and then the quality levels of chemical component of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix were clustered and classified by modern statistical methods (canonical correspondence analysis, Fisher discriminant analysis and so on). The quality indices were selected and their correlations were analyzed. Lastly, comprehensively quantitative grade division for quality under different commodity-specifications and different grades of same commodity-specifications of wild and planting were divided. The results provide a basis for a reasonable division of specification and grade of the commodity of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix. The range of quality evaluation of main index components (gentiopicrin, loganin acid and swertiamarin) was proposed, and the Herbal Quality Index (HQI) was introduced. The rank discriminant function was established based on the quality by Fisher discriminant analysis. According to the analysis, the quality of wild and cultivated Luobojiao, one of the commercial specification of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix was the best, Mahuajiao, the other commercial specification, was average, Xiaoqinjiao was inferior. Among grades, the quality of first-class cultivated Luobojiao was the worst, of second class secondary, and the third class the best; The quality of the first-class of wild Luobojiao was secondary, and the second-class the best; The quality of the second-class of Mahuajiao was secondary, and the first-class was the best; the quality of first-class Xiaoqinjiao was secondary, and the second-class was the better one between the two grades, but not obvious significantly. The method provides a new idea and method for evaluation of comprehensively quantitative on the quality of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix.