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Synergy of the Tropical Earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus and Oil Palm Bagasse in the Removal of Heavy Crude Oil |
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| Authors: | del Carmen Cuevas-Díaz María Ramos-Morales Fernando Rafael Castro-Luna Alejandro Vázquez-Luna Dinora Martínez-Hernández Sergio Guzmán-López Oswaldo Zavala-Cruz Joel Ortiz-Ceballos Ángel I |
| Institution: | 1.Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Campus Coatzacoalcos, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Universidad Km 7.5 Col. Santa Isabel, CP 96538, Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, Mexico ;2.Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala S/N Col. Industrial Animas, CP 91190, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico ;3.Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. de las Culturas Veracruzanas 101. Col. E. Zapata, CP 91090, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico ;4.Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas de Producción Agropecuaria (FISPA), Universidad Veracruzana, Carretera Costera del Golfo km. 220, Col. Agrícola y Ganadera Michapan, CP 96100, Acayucan, Veracruz, Mexico ;5.Colegio de Postgraduados-Campus Tabasco, Periférico Carlos A. Molina S/N, H. Cárdenas, CP 95500, Tabasco, Mexico ; |
| Abstract: | The tropical endogeic earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus, a non-standard species used in ecotoxicity, has been found in crude oil-contaminated habitats. We estimated the removal of total hydrocarbons from heavy crude “Maya” oil on an artificially contaminated soil with a median lethal concentration of P. corethrurus and an addition of oil palm bagasse. P. corethrurus had a high survival rate, and the addition of oil palm bagasse led to a greater growth and an increase in abundance of bacteria and fungi. The activity of P. corethrurus and the nutritional quality of oil palm bagasse had a significant impact on the removal of a larger amount of petroleum hydrocarbons from contaminated soil. We concluded that the endogeic earthworm P. corethrurus and oil palm bagasse acted synergistically to achieve a more effective removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons from soil. These results show the potential for using P. corethrurus to remove, either directly or indirectly, crude oil from soil. |
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