Assessment of the effect of hand dryers used in shopping malls on hand hygiene |
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| Institution: | 1. General Directorate of Health Services, Presidential Complex, Ankara, Turkey;2. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey;1. Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;2. Graduate Program in Public Health/Clinical Oncology, Stem Cells and Cell Therapy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;3. Dentistry Service. University Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;4. School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;5. Infection Control and Prevention Service. University Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;6. Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;7. Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;8. Intensive Care Medicine Division, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ipswich Hospital, Chelmsford Avenue, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia;2. University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia;1. Departments of Infection Control and Infectious Disease, Gundersen Health System, La Crosse, WI;2. Medical Research Department, Gundersen Medical Foundation, La Crosse, WI;3. Kabara Cancer Research Institute, Gundersen Medical Foundation, La Crosse, WI;4. Infectious Disease, Gundersen Health System, La Crosse, WI;5. Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI;1. Prevention and Response Branch, Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA;2. Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA;3. Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA;4. Arkansas Department of Health, Little Rock, AR;1. The First Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China;2. Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundHand drying is one of the most important factors affect hand hygiene. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of hand dryers used in the restrooms located on the food court floors in shopping malls in Turkey on hand hygiene.MethodsHands were washed for at least 20 seconds by following hygienic hand washing procedures of the World Health Organization. Swab samples were taken from the wet hands after hand washing, then from the dry hands, which were dried under the hand dryers and from the air blowing part of the hand dryers. Samples were cultured on agar plates that were directly exposed to the air-blowing part of the hand dryers.ResultsIt was found that total coliform bacteria were 0.000 colony-forming unit (CFU)/petri in wet and dried hand, 3.437 CFU/petri in blown air and 5.250 CFU/petri in swab samples. Staphylococcus aureus was found to be 0.125, 64.125, 26.375, and 388.750 CFU/petri, respectively. Total bacteria count was found to be 0.687, 48.750, 35.625, and 595.000 CFU/petri, respectively. S. aureus and the total bacterial load were higher in the blower outlet of the hand dryers than washed hand, blown air and dried hand (P < .05). The bacteria count in the unfiltered hand dryers was higher than that in the filtered hand dryers (P < .05).ConclusionsUsing hand dryers would negatively affect hand hygiene even if hands were washed following hygienic hand washing procedures. |
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