脑损伤后吞咽功能障碍患者康复护理干预及效果评价

目的：评价综合康复治疗和康复护理干预对脑损伤后吞咽功能障碍患者的效果。方法：脑损伤致吞咽功能障碍患者60例,随机分为A、B 2组各30例,均接受药物治疗、吞咽功能训练、球囊扩张术及低频电刺激等综合康复治疗。A组同时实施摄食直接训练、摄食行为训练、食物调节与营养及心理康复等护理干预。治疗前后评定2组吞咽功能。结果：治疗1个月后,2组洼田饮水试验改善程度和X线透视（VFSS）评分均明显高于治疗前;A组高于B组（均P〈0.05,0.01）。临床疗效比较,A组总有效率明显高于B组（93.3%与73.3%,P〈0.05）。结论：综合康复治疗结合康复护理干预能更加有效促进脑损伤后吞咽功能障碍的恢复。

Rehabilitation Nursing Care and Effects Evaluation for Patients with Swallowing Dysfunction after Brain Injury

Objective： To investigate the effects of the comprehensive rehabilitation care on the patients with swallowing dysfunction after brain injury.Methods： Sixty patients with swallowing dysfunction were randomly divided into group A and group B,30 cases in each group.Both groups received comprehensive rehabilitation treatment,including medication,swallowing function and compensatory training,balloon dilation and low frequency VitalStim electric stimulation.The patients in group A received comprehensive rehabilitation nursing care additionally,including the implementation of the direct training of feeding,feeding behavior training,food regulation,and nutrition and mental care.For patients before and one month after treatment,the swallow water tests and video fluoroscopy swallowing study（VFSS） were used to evaluate the effect of the treatment.Results： After treatment,the scores of swallow water tests and VFSS were significantly greater than those before treatment in both groups（P〈0.05）.And the scores in group A were also significantly increased as compared with those in group B（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：The comprehensive rehabilitation treatment with rehabilitation nursing care can be more effectively alleviate swallowing dysfunction after brain injury.