脑电神经反馈在抑郁症认知功能康复中应用的研究进展与挑战

抑郁症是一种常见的严重精神疾病,认知功能障碍是抑郁症的核心症状之一,会极大影响患者的日常生活,并给家庭和社会带来沉重的负担。目前针对抑郁症患者认知功能障碍的有效康复手段较少,而且效果不明显。脑电神经反馈因其安全、无创、无副作用等优点,受到越来越广泛的关注,但目前的治疗效果存在个体差异,反馈训练技术有待改进,并且相关神经机制尚不清晰。综述抑郁症患者认知功能损伤的静息态定量脑电特征,分析基于这些脑电特征发展的脑电神经反馈训练技术和相关临床验证实验结果,并探讨该领域当前存在的问题和未来发展趋势。随着神经反馈技术的进步和对其机制认识的深入,脑电神经反馈技术有希望成为一种有效的可用于抑郁症患者认知康复的临床技术。

EEG Neurofeedback for Cognitive Rehabilitation in Depression: Progress and Challenges

Depression is a common and acute mental disease and cognitive impairment is one of the core symptoms of depression, which greatly affects the daily life of patients and imposes a heavy burden on the family and the society. However, effective rehabilitation methods for cognitive impairment in depression are still lacking, the relevant neural mechanism remains unclear, and therapeutic effects vary greatly from individual to individual. Electroencephalogram (EEG) neurofeedback has attracted more and more attention because it is safe, non-invasive, and without side effects. This paper reviewed the EEG features of cognitive impairment in depression, introduced existing EEG neurofeedback training studies based on these features, and discussed the current problems and future development. With the rapid development of neurofeedback techniques and a deep understanding of the underlying mechanisms, EEG neurofeedback has the potential to be a useful tool in cognitive rehabilitation of depression.