血清25-羟维生素D水平与婴幼儿食物过敏的关系研究

目的 探讨血清25-羟维生素D水平与婴幼儿食物过敏的关系，并分析食物过敏的危险因素。 方法 纳入≤3岁确诊食物过敏的40例婴幼儿作为研究组，同时选取40例年龄匹配的健康儿童作为对照组。比较2组血清25-羟维生素D水平，并分析筛选食物过敏的可能危险因素。 结果 2组血清25-羟维生素D水平比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；在食物过敏组中维生素D缺乏与不足患儿所占比例更高（P＜0.05）。血清25-羟维生素D水平在IgE介导的食物过敏与非IgE介导的食物过敏患儿中比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05)。单因素Logistic回归分析结果表明，过敏性疾病家族史、湿疹史及低维生素D水平可能是食物过敏的危险因素（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析表明，湿疹史是食物过敏的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。 结论 食物过敏患儿维生素D缺乏和不足者较多，但食物过敏和健康婴幼儿的血清25-羟维生素D水平差异无统计学意义；有湿疹史的婴幼儿，发生食物过敏的风险更高。

Study on the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and food allergy in infants

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and food allergy in infants, and to analyze the risk factors for food allergy.Methods A total of 40 infants aged ≤3 years with a diagnosis of food allergy were enrolled as the research group, while 40 age-matched healthy children were selected as the control group. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were compared between two groups, and the potential risk factors for food allergy were analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in the level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D between two groups(P＞0.05). The proportion of children with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was higher in the food allergy group(P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level between children with IgE-mediated food allergy and those with non-IgE-mediated food allergy(P＞0.05). Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that family history of allergic diseases, eczema history and low vitamin D level might be the risk factors for food allergy(P＜0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that eczema history was an independent risk factor for food allergy(P＜0.05).Conclusion Serum vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency is more common in children with food allergy, but there is no significant difference in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels between children with food allergy and healthy children. Infants with a history of eczema are at higher risk of developing food allergy.