基于Kaiser模型的灾害脆弱性分析在产科护理管理中的应用

目的：运用灾害脆弱性分析对产科护理风险事件进行评估，识别产科护理管理的薄弱环节并采取防范措施，提高护理人员风险防范能力，保证孕产妇安全。方法：运用基于Kaiser模型的灾害脆弱性分析，调查产科风险指标，计算指标风险值并进行矩阵分析，辨识潜在高风险事件。结果：在29个指标中，风险值排在前5位的为：分娩安全核查表执行不到位（48.07%）、护理人员法律意识淡薄（41.71%）、手卫生依从性及正确性低（38.52%）、产后出血防范不到位（37.82%）、5 min剖宫产流程不畅（37.15%）；矩阵分析结果显示，风险评价指标中处于高风险带的有6项，处于中风险带的有21项，处于低风险带的2项。结论：灾害脆弱性分析可明确产科高风险事件，通过应急演练可提高护理人员应急能力，采取对应的防范措施可避免不良事件的发生。

Application of disaster vulnerability analysis based on Kaiser model in obstetric nursing

Objective: To evaluate obstetric nursing risk events by using disaster vulnerability analysis,identify the weak links in obstetric nursing management and take preventive measures to improve the risk prevention ability of nursing staff and ensure nursing safety. Methods: The disaster vulnerability analysis based on Kaiser model was used to investigate the obstetric risk index for value calculation and the matrix analysis was made to identify potential high-risk events. Results: Among 29 indicators, the top 5 risk values included inadequate implementation of delivery safety checklist (48.07%), weak legal awareness of nursing staff (41.71%), low compliance and accuracy of hand hygiene (38.52%), inadequate prevention of postpartum hemorrhage (37.82%), and poor five-minute cesarean delivery process (37.15%); The matrix analysis of the risk assessment indicators showed 6 items in the high risk zone, 21 items in the medium risk zone, and 2 items in the low risk zone. Conclusion: The disaster vulnerability analysis can identify the obstetric high-risk events, improve the emergency response of nursing staff through emergency drills, and lead nurses to take corresponding preventive measures to avoid the occurrence of adverse events.