延安市2 105例吸毒人员HIV、HCV和梅毒感染情况分析

目的 通过分析延安市戒毒所吸毒人员艾滋病病毒（human immunodeficiency virus,HIV）、丙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis C virus,HCV）和梅毒的感染现状,为有效地开展疾病防控提供科学参考依据。方法 选择2016年1月至2020年12月在延安市戒毒所接受强制戒毒的2 105例吸毒人员为研究对象,通过采集其静脉血,分离血清后进行HIV抗体、HCV抗体、梅毒抗体检测,进而分析吸毒人员HIV、HCV及梅毒的感染情况。结果 HIV的感染率为0.29%,HCV感染率为56.06%,梅毒感染率为6.46%。男女吸毒人员梅毒的感染率差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）,HIV和HCV感染率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。不同年龄段吸毒人员的HCV感染率差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）,HIV和梅毒感染率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 延安市吸毒人员中HCV和梅毒感染率相对较高,青年吸毒人员多见,中老年女性吸毒人员中梅毒感染率较高。应加强毒品戒禁工作,加大对吸毒人员的干预力度,从而有效地降低和预防吸毒人员感染HIV、HCV 及梅毒等疾病。

Analysis of 2 105 cases of HIV,HCV and syphilis infection among drug users in Yan'an City

Objective To provide scientific reference for effective disease prevention and control by analyzing the current situation of human immunodeficiency virus （HIV）, hepatitis C virus （HCV）and syphilis infection among drug addicts in Yan'an City Drug Rehabilitation Center. Methods A total of 2 105 drug addicts who received compulsory detoxification in Yan'an City Drug Rehabilitation Center from January 2016 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects, and their venous blood was collected, and the serum was separated for HIV antibody, HCV antibody, and syphilis antibody detection, and then HIV, HCV and syphilis infection status of drug addicts was analyzed. Results The HIV infection rate was 0.29%, the HCV infection rate was 56.06%, and the syphilis infection rate was 6.46%. There was a statistically significant difference in the infection rate of syphilis between male and female drug users （P<0.05）, but there was no significant difference in the infection rate of HIV and HCV （P>0.05）. There was a statistically significant difference in the HCV infection rate among drug users of different age groups （P<0.05）, but there was no significant difference in HIV infection rate and syphilis （P>0.05）. Conclusion The infection rates of HCV and syphilis among drug addicts in Yan'an are relatively high, and young drug addicts are more common, and the syphilis infection rate is higher among middle-aged and elderly female drug addicts. The work of drug abstinence should be strengthened, and the intervention of drug addicts should be intensified, so as to effectively reduce and prevent drug addicts from contracting HIV, HCV, syphilis and other diseases.