静配置中心护理人员职业暴露现况及自我防护知识-态度-行为(KAP)调查分析

目的 探讨静配置中心护理人员职业暴露现况及自我防护情况。方法 以我院静配置中心2019年1月～2020年1月发生职业暴露的55名护理人员为研究对象,分析其职业暴露现况、职业暴露影响因素、自我防护知识-态度-行为(KAP)。结果 55名静配置中心护理人员《医务人员职业暴露情况调查问卷》平均得分为(105.45±7.36)分,处于中上水平;自我防护KAP总分为(65.35±8.97)分,处于中等水平;文化水平、工龄、职称、自我防护教育经历、暴露次数不同的护理人员《医务人员职业暴露情况调查问卷》评分存在显著差异(P＜0.05);锐器伤暴露风险最高,人际关系暴露风险最低;护理人员脱手套后及时洗手的自我防护行为最到位,有接触体液血液风险时戴手套、口罩、护目镜的自我防护行为最薄弱。结论 静配置中心护理人员职业暴露现象较为普遍,物理、化学、生物、心理等多种因素均可诱发职业暴露风险,但护理人员自我防护KAP较为薄弱,因此,医院应加强护理人员的自我防护教育工作,规范医疗操作流程,以有效降低职业暴露风险。

Investigation and analysis of occupational exposure status and self-protection knowledge-attitude-behavior (KAP) of nursing staff in static placement centers

Objective To investigate the occupational exposure status and self-protection of nursing staff in static allocation centers. Methods A total of 55 nursing staff who had occupational exposure from January 2019 to January 2020 in the static configuration center of our hospital were selected as the research objects, and their occupational exposure status, occupational exposure influencing factors, and self-protection knowledge-attitude-behavior (KAP) were analyzed. Results The average score of "Medical Staff Occupational Exposure Questionnaire" of 55 nurses in the static placement center was (105.45±7.36), which was at the middle and upper level; the total score of self-protection KAP was (65.35±8.97), which was at the middle level; There were significant differences in the scores of "Medical Staff Occupational Exposure Questionnaire" among nursing staff with different levels, length of service, professional title, self-protection education experience and exposure times (P<0.05); The risk of exposure to sharps injuries is the highest, and the risk of exposure to interpersonal relationships is the lowest; the self-protection behavior of nursing staff to wash hands promptly after taking off gloves is the best, and the self-protection behavior of wearing gloves, masks, and goggles when there is a risk of exposure to body fluids and blood is the weakest. Conclusion Occupational exposure of nursing staff in static allocation centers is relatively common, and various factors such as physical, chemical, biological, psychological and other factors can induce occupational exposure risks, but nursing staff"s self-protection KAP is relatively weak, Therefore, hospitals should strengthen the self-protection education of nursing staff and standardize medical operation procedures to effectively reduce the risk of occupational exposure.