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Anxiety disorders are associated with reduced bone mineral density in men: Findings from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study |
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| Authors: | Gregory Roebuck Michael Mazzolini Mohammadreza Mohebbi Julie A. Pasco Amanda L. Stuart Malcolm Forbes Michael Berk Lana Williams |
| Affiliation: | 1. The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia;2. Biostatistics Unit, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia;3. The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia Department of Medicine – Western Health, University of Melbourne, St Albans, Victoria, Australia Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;4. The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia |
| Abstract: | ObjectiveCertain psychiatric disorders, including depression, appear to impact adversely on bone health. Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent but few studies have examined their effects on bone tissue. This study investigated the effect of anxiety disorders on bone mineral density (BMD).MethodsThis prospective cohort study used data from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Participants were women and men aged ≥20 years randomly selected from the electoral roll and followed up for a mean of 14.7 and 11.0 years, respectively. Participants were assessed for a lifetime history of an anxiety disorder using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR. BMD in the lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.ResultsEight hundred and ninety women and 785 men participated in the study. Adjusting for sociodemographic, biometric and lifestyle factors, medical comorbidities and medication use, anxiety disorders were associated with reduced BMD at the lumbar spine (partial η2 = 0.006; p = 0.018) and femoral neck (partial η2 = 0.006; p = 0.003) in men. These associations became non-significant when men with a history of comorbid mood disorders were excluded from the analysis. There was no significant association between anxiety disorders and BMD in women (p ≥ 0.168).ConclusionsAnxiety disorders are associated with reduced BMD in men. This effect may be mediated by comorbid depression. |
| Keywords: | anxiety bone mineral density depression osteoporosis psychiatric disorders |