小婴儿头皮血肿及合并症的诊断和治疗

目的 探讨小婴儿头皮血肿及合并症的诊断和治疗。方法 1998年1月至2000年12月诊治60例小婴儿头皮血肿及合并症，均经头颅CT扫描证实。头皮血肿自行吸收17例，穿刺31例，血肿机化硬块切除12例，硬膜下血肿钻孔置管外引流5例，硬膜外血肿清除2例。结果 31例头皮血肿穿刺和12例机化块术后，无1例感染和再出血，并恢复正常头颅外型。颅内合并症（33／60）经综合治疗后，1例大服皮层严重萎缩，1例继发脑积水。结论 小婴儿头皮血肿及合并症应早期诊断和治疗，效果是好的。

Diagnosis and treatment of scalp hematomas and complications in infants.

Objective To investigate diagnosis and treatment of scalp hematomas and complications in infants.Methods Sixty infants with scalp hematomas intracranial complications,or both diagnosed by CT from Jan.1998 to Dec.2000 were reviewed.The scalp hematomas were naturally absorbed in 17 cases,and punctured in 31 cases.Hard lumps of scalp hematomas were resected in 12 cases,the subdurall hematomas in 5 cases were drained by drilling foramen with silicon tube,and the extradurall hematomas were removed in 2 cases.Results None of the group had infection and rebleeding after the puncture of hemtomas and the resection of cranial hard lumps.Normal shape of the cranium had recovered.Only one case had serious atrophy of cerebral cortex and another had hydrocephalus after intracranial complications(33/60)were managed by combining therapy.Conclusion The scalp hematomas and complications in infants should be diagnosed and treated early and the result is satisfactory.