新型生物活性陶瓷复合人工骨成骨效应的实验研究

目的　探讨新型生物活性陶瓷复合材料成骨效应 ,为人工骨替代材料临床应用提供依据。　方法　小鼠 96只 ,随机分为 4组 ,每组 2 4只。采用具有诱导活性的骨形成蛋白 (bone morphogenetic protein,BMP)分别与羟基磷灰石 (hydroxyapatite,HA)、磷酸三钙 (tricalcium phosphate,TCP)、胶原复合羟基磷灰石 (collagen HA,CHA)及氟化羟基磷灰石 (fluoridated HA,FHA)复合 ,将 4种复合材料 (HA/ BMP,TCP/ BMP,CHA/ BMP及 FHA/ BMP)分别植入 4组小鼠左侧股部肌肉内为实验侧 ,右侧分别植入 HA、TCP、CHA及脱钙牙基质 (decalcified dentin matrix,DDM)作为对照 ,在 1、3、5及 7周取材作大体观察、组织形态学、扫描电镜观察及生化测定。　结果　各组实验侧及第 4组对照侧植入后 1周软骨形成 ,第 1～ 3组对照侧为纤维结缔组织 ;3周时各组实验侧均有较多的成熟骨组织 ,组织碱性磷酸酶 (alkalinephosphatase,AL P)染色均为阳性。各组对照侧材料被结缔组织包囊 ,AL P染色阴性 ,未见骨组织形成。各组实验侧材料AL P活性及磷 (phosphrus,P)检测水平明显高于相应的对照侧材料 ,实验侧与对照侧比较具有统计学意义 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,而 TCP/ BMP复合材料明显高于另 3种复合材料 ,有统计学意义 (P<0 .0 5 )。5、7周各实验侧及对照

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF NEW BONE FORMATION ON NEW TYPE ARTIFICIAL BONE COMPOSED OF BIOACTIVE CERAMICS

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the osteogenic potential of four kinds of new bioactive ceramics combined with bovine bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) and to explore the feasibility of using compounds as bone substitute material. METHODS: Ninety-six rats were divided into 4 groups (24 in each group). BMP was combined with hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), fluoridated-HA (FHA), and collagen-HA(CHA) respectively. The left thighs of the rats implanted with HA/BMP, TCP/BMP, FHA/BMP, and CHA/BMP were used as experimental groups. The right thighs of the rats implanted with HA, TCP, CHA, and decalcified dentin matrix (DDM) were used as control groups. The rats were sacrificed 1, 3, 5 and 7 weeks after implantation and bone induction was estimated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP), phosphorus (P), and total protein (TP) measurement. The histological observation and electronic microscope scanning of the implants were also made. RESULTS: The cartilage growth in the 4 experimental groups and the control group implanted with DDM was observed 1 week after operation and fibrous connective tissues were observed in the other 3 control groups. 3 weeks after implantation, lamellar bone with bone marrow and positive reaction in ALP stain were observed in the 4 experimental groups. No bone formation or positive reaction in ALP stain were observed in the control groups. The amount of ALP activity, P value, and new bone formation in the experimental groups were higher than those in the control group(P < 0.05). The amount of ALP activity, P value, and new bone formation in TCP/BMP group were higher than those in HA/BMP, CHA/BMP and FHA/BMP groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in TP between the BMP treatment group and the control groups. From 5th to 7th week, new bone formation, histochemistry evaluation, and the level of ALP, P, TP value were as high as those in the 3rd week. CONCLUSION: New composite artificial bone of TCP/BMP, HA/BMP, CHA/BMP, and FHA/BMP all prove to be effective, but TCP/BMP is the most effective so that it is the most suitable biomaterial replacement of tissue.