The Swedish childhood diabetes study |
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Authors: | L. Blom L. Nyström G. Dahlquist |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Paediatrics, Karolinska Institute, Sachs' Children's Hospital, Stockholm;(2) Department of Epidemiology and Health Care Research, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden |
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Abstract: | Summary In a nationwide incident case referent study we have evaluated vaccinations, early and recent infections and the use of medicines as possible risk determinants for Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in childhood. A total of 339 recently onset diabetic and 528 referent children, age 0–14 years, were included. Information about infections was collected from a mailed questionnaire and about vaccinations from childhood health care centres and schools. When vaccinations were considered as possible risk factors for diabetes, a significant decrease in relative risk estimated as odds ratio (OR) was noted for measles vaccination (OR=0.69; 95% confidence limits 0.48–0.98). For vaccination against tuberculosis, smallpox, tetanus, whooping cough, rubella and mumps no significant effect on OR for diabetes was found. The odds ratios for Type 1 diabetes for children exposed to 0, 1–2 or over 2 infections during the last year before diagnosis of diabetes revealed a linear increase (OR = 1.0,1.96 and 2.55 for 0, 1–2 and over 2 infections, respectively). The trend was still significant when standardized for possible confounders such as age and sex of the children, maternal age and education and intake of antibiotics and analgetics. In conclusion, a protective effect of measles vaccination for Type 1 diabetes in childhood is indicated as well as a possible causal relationship between the onset of the disease and the total load of recent infections. |
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Keywords: | Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus childhood medicines infectious disease vaccinations epidemiology |
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