儿童反复肺炎危险因素的病例对照研究

目的：探讨无明确基础疾病儿童反复患肺炎的相关危险因素。方法：选择无明确基础疾病的106例反复肺炎患儿及106例单次肺炎患儿进行成组病例对照研究，采用单因素χ2检验及多因素logistic回归模型调查反复肺炎的危险因素。结果：单因素χ2检验分析结果显示，病例组患儿有喘息病史、食物或药物过敏史、湿疹病史及一过性粒细胞减少症的比例高于对照组，差异有统计学意义。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，喘息病史（OR=13.387，95% CI: 5.541～32.343）、食物或药物过敏史（OR=4.267，95% CI: 2.081～8.751）及一过性粒细胞减少症（OR=3.606，95% CI: 1.806～7.202）是儿童反复肺炎的独立危险因素。结论：喘息病史、食物或药物过敏史及一过性粒细胞减少症病史增加了无明确基础疾病儿童反复患肺炎的风险。

Risk factors for recurrent pneumonia in children: a case-control study

Objective To study the risk factors for recurrent pneumonia in children without underlying diseases.Methods A case-control study was conducted in 106 children with recurrent pneumonia(case group) and 106 age-,gender-and weight-matched children with pneumonia but no recurrence(control group).The children in both groups had no underlying disease.The risk factors for recurrent pneumonia were investigated by the Chi-Square analysis and the multivariate logistic regression model.Results The Chi-Square analysis showed that the percentages with the history of wheezing,allergy(food or medicine) and eczema and the percentage of transient neutropenia in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the wheezing history(OR=13.387,95% CI: 5.541-32.343),allergic history(food or medicine)(OR=4.267,95% CI: 2.081-8.751) and transient neutropenia(OR=3.606,95% CI: 1.806-7.202) were the independent risk factors of recurrent pneumonia.Conclusions The wheezing history,allergic history and transient neutropenia may increase the risk of recurrence of pneumonia in pneumonic children without underlying diseases.