中国儿童尿道下裂发生率的变化趋势

目的 探讨1987～2001年间我国围产儿尿道下裂发生率的变化趋势及其原因。方法 采用以医院为基础的监测方法收集资料。调查对象为孕28周至产后7d住院分娩的围产儿，包括活产、死胎和死产。结果 在3769464例男性围产儿中确诊尿道下裂1999例，平均发生率为5．30／10^4尿道下裂发生率存在逐年上升的趋势。城镇、农村、沿海和内地地区尿道下裂发生率上升趋势明显，而边远地区的发生率没有长期趋势。城镇的增加速度高于农村，沿海高于内地和边远地区。结论 中国围生儿尿道下裂发生率有上升趋势。

Secular Trends of Hypospadias in Chinese Perinatals

Objective To investigate the secular trends in the prevalence rate of hypospadias in Chinese perinatals and explore its possible influencing factors. Methods Data were taken from Chinese Birth Defects Monitoring Network, a hospital-based congenital anomalies registry system. All live or still births at or beyond 28 weeks of gestation were assessed within 7 days after delivery in the period from 1987 to 2001. Results 1999 cases of hypospadias were identified among 3 769 464 male births, the crude prevalence rate being 5.30 per 10 000 births. And an increasing secular trend was observed both in urban and rural areas. In recent years, an increase in rate of hypospadias was found in coastal provinces and inland provinces, but not in remote border provinces. Faster increase was seen in urban areas and coastal areas, compared with that in rural areas and inland areas respectively. Conclusion The prevalence rates of hypospadias in Chinese perinatals from 1987 to 2001 showed an upward tendency.