外伤性近视的临床特点及治疗（附45例分析）

目的：探讨外伤性近视的临床特点和其损伤机制及治疗。方法：对在我院眼科门诊就诊的45例45眼外伤性近视进行回顾性分析,结果：小瞳检影验光发现所有外伤眼均存在近视,表现为轻、中度近视。睫状肌麻痹剂散瞳验光检查发现所有外伤眼的近视度数均有不同程度的减轻。用合适的凹透镜均可使外伤眼矫正视力达到1.0。经应用散瞳剂联合樟柳碱治疗有40例外伤眼3周内,5例外伤眼5周,视力恢复至≥1.0。结论：由于挫伤程度和损伤性质不同,外伤性近视的损伤机制各异,主要包括睫状肌痉挛、晶状体悬韧带断裂、睫状体水肿、眶内组织压迫等。外伤性近视的预后良好,散瞳剂联合复方樟柳碱应用可缩短病程,对视力恢复有明显疗效。

Clinical Observation on 45 Cases of Traumatic Myopia

Objective：To analyze the relative factors and clinical characteristics of refractive error caused by eye injury and the prognosis,To discuss the pathogenesis and treatmemt,for better prevention of the error. Methods：The clinical data of 45 patients （45eyes） with myopia due to blunt ocular trauma were reviewed. Results：When noncycloplegic retinoscopy was used to examine patients,all of the traumatic eyes showed mild or modernate myopia. The degree of myopia for the traumatic eyes showed a dramatic decrease when tropicamide eye drops was used,and with the help of proper negative lenses,traumatic myopia could be corrected to normal vision. After medical treatment of mydriatic and Fufang anisodine,all myopia eyes due to blunt trauma showed good recovery. forty eyes recovered within 3 weeks,and five eye recovered in 5 weeks. Best corrected international visual acuity recovered to pretraumatic levels of 1. 0 or better. Conclusions：Because of the extent and nature of injury contusion,Mainly consists of the ciliary muscle spasm,zonular,cyclocryotherapy,pressionary intra-orbital organization,etc. traumatic myopia recovered good. mydriatic and fufang anisodine can be shortened course of disease,There is a clear vision on effect.