玻璃体视网膜手术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变合并牵拉性视网膜脱离视力预后影响因素

目的　观察玻璃体视网膜手术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变合并牵拉性视网膜脱离（DTRD）患者视力预后的影响因素。方法　回顾分析接受玻璃体视网膜手术治疗的86例DTRD患者102只眼的临床资料。所有患者均在散瞳后经间接检眼镜及B型超声检查确诊。手术后随访12~56个月,平均随访23个月。随访观察手术前、后视力及手术后视网膜解剖复位情况。采用t检验、χ2检验、多因素Logistic回归分析等统计学方法,分析视力提高组及未提高组间疾病自然因素及手术后并发症与视力预后的关系。结果　87只眼视网膜首次解剖复位成功,占85.29%;15只眼视网膜首次未完全解剖复位,占14.71%。49只眼手术后视力提高且最佳矫正视力（BCVA）大于0.05,占48.04%;53只眼手术后视力降低或BCVA较手术前有所提高但仍低于0.05,占51.96%。两组间疾病自然因素比较,是否一期行白内障手术及是否合并视神经萎缩差异有统计学意义(χ²=5.266,9.274;P=0.022,0.002)。两组手术后并发症比较,视网膜脱离(RD)复发差异有统计学意义(χ²=12.059,P=0.000)。Logistic回归分析显示RD复发、视神经萎缩是影响DTRD患者玻璃体视网膜手术后视力的独立危险因素(OR=33.518,4.079;P=0.003,0.041);手术前完成全视网膜激光光凝是手术后视力的保护性因素(OR=0.270,P=0.034)。结论　RD复发、视神经萎缩是影响DTRD患者玻璃体视网膜手术后视力预后的独立危险因素。

The visual prognostic factors in vitreoretinal surgery for diabetic tractional retinal detachment

Objective To evaluate the visual prognostic factors in vitreoretinal surgery for diabetic tractional retinal detachment (DTRD). Methods 102 eyes of 86 consecutive patients with DTRD underwent vitreoretinal surgery were analyzed retrospectively. All cases diagnosed via indirect ophthalmoscope and B ultrasonic scan after mydriasis. Follow-up duration varied from 12 to 56 months (mean: 23 months). Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and anatomic success were observed postoperatively. The patients were divided into visual acuity improved group and didn't improved group. T-test, Chi-square test and Multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed to predict the prognosis of visual acuity. Results After primary vitreoretinal surgery, 87 eyes (85.3%) were anatomically reattached, 15 eyes (14.71%) needed reoperation because of the recurrence of retinal detachment (RD). Postoperative BCVA improved and better than 0. 05 in 49 eyes (48.04%), reduced or increased but less than 0. 05 in 53 eyes (51.96%). Comparing natural factors between these two groups, only combined cataract surgery and optic nerve atrophy were significant different (χ~2= 5.266, 9.274; P =0.022, 0.002). Among post-operative complications only the RD recurrence was significant different (χ~2= 12. 059, P = 0. 000). Multivariate Logistic regression revealed recurrence of RD and optic nerve atrophy were two independent risk factors in the final BCVA (P = 0. 003, 0. 041 ; OR = 33. 518,4. 079). Preoperative PRP was identified as the only protecting variable in the final BCVA(P=0. 034,OR=0. 270). Conclusion This study revealed recurrence of RD and optic nerve atrophy were two independent risk factors in final BCVA of DTRD patients.