云南省2001年HIV/AIDS监测结果分析

目的:了解云南省HIV/AIDS流行现状和趋势。方法:采用哨点监测、现患调查、高危人群常规筛检和自愿匿名检测4种血清流行病学调查方法收集了HIV流行资料,收集全省AIDS病例报告资料。结果:2001年全省共监测各类高危和重点人群95755人,发现HIV新感染者1503人,诊断艾滋病病人151人,死亡91人。哨点监测静脉吸毒人群HIV感染率为27.1％（1.1-75.0％）,思茅和昭通上升明显,7个地区静脉吸毒HIV感染率达高水平流行;性病门诊男性就诊者HIV感染率为2.7％（0-13.4％）,其中德宏州瑞丽市性病门诊男性就诊者HIV感染率为13.4％;女性就诊者为2.3％（0-7.4％）;孕产妇HIV感染率为0.2％（0-2.2％）,陇川、楚雄和丽江上升明显;其中德宏州陇川县医院孕产妇HIV感染率为:2.2％;暗娼、嫖客HIV感染率分别为2.0％、1.8％,高流行地区医院无关联人群HIV感染率为1.6％,献血员0.02％,自愿匿名检测检出率为8.0％。感染者主要为20-30岁汉族男性静脉吸毒者,以农民和无业人员居多,主要分布于我省德宏、红河、昆明、临沧和大理。结论:云南省HIV流行经静脉吸毒人群蔓延到全省,部分地区感染率快速上升，并且已进一步造成性乱人群中的传播和流行，高流行区医院无关联人群、孕产妇人群HIV流行率超过1%，预示AIDS病例将快速增加，预防和阻断母婴传播更是迫在眉睫，全省流行形势十分严峻，加强宣传教育和对高危人行为监测和干预势在必行。

Analysis on the Surveillante result of HIV/AIDS in Yunnan in 2001

In order to learn the status of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Yunnan province, the HIV prevalence and AIDS case data have been collected by using 4 sero - surveillance methods which include sentinel surveillance, cross - sector survey, HIV routine screening for high risk groups and voluntary anonymous HIV testing. Total 95 755 samples of high risk groups and defined sub - population groups have been tested, and 1 503 HIV positive people have been found. 151 AIDS cases had been diagnosed and 91 of them were dead. According to the injecting drug users in Simao and Zhaotong, 7 prefecture are classified as high level epidemic region; The HIV prevalence in male STD patients is 2.7% (0-13.4%), especially in which from Ruili county of Dehong prefecture is 13.4% ; the HIV prevalence in female STD patients is2.3 (0-7.4%); The HIV prevalence in pregnant women is 0.2(0-2.2%); especially in which from Longchuang county of Dehong prefecture is 2.2% and its great increase has been found in Long-chuang, Chuxiong and Lijiang; the HIV prevalence in underground prostitutes and clients is 2.0% and 1.8%, respectively; The HIV prevalence in unlinked sample of high level epidemic region, blood donors and voluntary anonymous tests are 1.6% , 0.02% , and 8.0% , respectively. Majority of the positive persons is 20 - 30 year old male who are injecting drug users, Han nationality, unemployed and peasants. Most of them distribute in Dehong, Honghe, Da-li, Kunming and Lincang. The HIV epidemic has spread to the whole province through injecting drug users and the HIV rate is increasing rapidly in some.areas. HIV transmission and epidemic have also been detected in sexually active groups. The prevalence in unlinked sample of high level epidemic region is over 1 % and this indicates a rapid increase of AIDS cases in the future. HIV epidemic in Yunnan is very serious. Education and intervention activities in high risk groups are urgently needed.