麻疹发病的影响因素分析

目的探讨我区麻疹发生的影响因素并测算我区当前使用的麻疹疫苗效力。方法按单纯随机抽样方法选择实验室证实的临床诊断麻疹病例;按照同性别、同班级或互为邻居、年龄相差在2岁范围内的规定标准选择对照,进行1∶2配比病例对照研究,并采用卡方检验和多因素条件Logistic回归统计处理方法分析其主要影响因素。结果麻疹疫苗效力(VE)为79.39%;麻疹疫苗接种史在病例组与对照组之间有统计学意义(χ2=26.04,P<0.05),麻疹发病的比值比(OR值)为0.21,95%的可信区间为0.12-0.50;进入Logistic回归方程的变量为麻疹疫苗接种史、家长对预防接种的态度、家庭经济收入,其回归系数分别为4.75,3.10,2.97。结论我区目前使用的麻疹疫苗效力为79.39%,对接种人群有很好的保护作用;未接种麻疹疫苗者的比重在病例组明显为高;不做预防接种是引发麻疹最大的危险因素,家长对预防接种的态度和家庭经济收入对麻疹的发病有统计学关联。

The analysis of effective factors about meades cases

Objective To explore the effective factors of measles outbreak in Ningxia and count the EV.Methods To select the cases who were diagnosed as measles by random sampling and control people were selected on having the same sex,class,age;In 1:2 matched case-control study,to analyse the effective factor of this measles outbreak through the Chi-Square Test and Logistic regression.Results The OR of the vaccinate history and measles outbreak was 0.21.95% of CI was 0.12-0.50.The VE of measles was 79.39%.The analysis of conditional Logistic regression indicated that vaccinate,attitude of parents and income of family had intered into the regression,the regression coefficient was 4.75,3.10 and 2.97 respectively.Conclusion The VE of measles is enough to have protection for people in Ningxia and vaccine is a protective factor.During many effective factors,the vaccinate history,attitude of parents and income of family have played an important role.