2009年住院患者医院感染的临床调查与分析

目的:了解住院患者医院感染状况及其影响因素,有效预防和控制医院感染。方法:对医院2009年1～12月21763例住院患者采取回顾性调查。结果:有832例患者发生医院感染,医院感染率为3.82%,共发生感染1043例次,感染以下呼吸道(53.98%)、上呼吸道(16.01%)、皮肤软组织(8.15%)、术后切口(7.09%)、泌尿道(5.46%)、胃肠道(3.55%)为主;白色念珠菌已成为医院感染的主要致病菌。结论:分析医院感染的危险因素、加强对感染源的监测、严格无菌操作、合理使用抗生素、保护易感人群是防止医院感染的有效措施。

Clinical Investigation and Analysis of Nosocomial Infection in Hospitalized Patients in 2009

Objective：To understand the situation and its influencing factors of nosocomial infection in patients and to find out how to effectively prevent and control hospital infection. Methods：Investigated the 21 763 cases of patients from January to December in 2009. Result：There were 832 cases of patients with nosocomial infection and the rate of hospital infection is 3.82%,and the ease of nosoeomial infection was 1 043;the constituent ratios of hospital infection were as follows： lower respiratory tract （53.98%）,upper respiratory tract （16.01%）, skin （8.15%）, postoperative incision （7.09%）, urinary tract （5.46%） and gastrointestinal tract （3.55%）;candida albicans had become the main pathogen of nosocomial infection.Conclusion： analyzing the risk factors of nosocomial infection,strengthening the monitoring of the source,enforcing strict aseptic operation, appropriately using antibiotics and protecting susceptible population are the most effective measures to prevent hospital infection.