两种途径绒毛活检在产前诊断中应用的比较

目的 比较经腹和经宫颈两种途径绒毛活检在产前诊断中应用的价值,总结经腹绒毛活检(TA-CVS)的操作经验.方法 回顾性分析中山大学附属第一医院2005年4月至2007年11月间109例TA-CVS(TA-CVS组)和1999年8月至2005年3月间69例经宫颈绒毛活检(TC-CVS组)的病例资料,比较活检孕周、穿刺次数及并发症发生情况.结果 (1)平均活检孕周TA-CVS组为(12.4±1.9)周,TC-CVS组为(8.8±1.2)周,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).(2)穿刺次数TC-CVS组为(1.4±0.5)次,TA-CVS组为(1.1±0.4)次,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);获取的标本量TC-CVS组为(9±5)mg,TA-CVS组为(17±5)nag,两组比较,差异也有统计学意义(P<0.01);第1次穿刺成功率TC-CVS组为62.3%(43/69),TA-CVS组为87.2%(95/109),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).(3)术后随访到的病例中,TA.CVS组(101例)阴道流血2例(2.0%.2/101),TC-CVS组(33例)阴道流血2例(6.1%,2/33);TA-CVS组流产4例(4.0%,4/101),TC-CVS组流产1例(3.0%,1/33),两组术后阴道流血和流产率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 TA-CVS适应范围广,成功率高,获取的标本量多,是安全有效的孕早期产前诊断方法.

Comparison between transabdominal and transcervical chorionic villus sampling in clinical application for prenatal diagnosis

Objective To compare transabdominal and transcervical chorionic villus sampling (TC-CVS) in application for prenatal diagnosis, and to summarize the experience of transabdominal chorionlc villus sampling (TA-CVS). Methods One hundred and nine TA-CVS between April 2005 and November 2007 and 69 TC-CVS between August 1999 and March 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Results ( 1 ) The mean gestational age was (12.4±1.9) weeks at TA-CVS and (8.8±1.2) weeks at TC-CVS (P< 0.01). (2) Compared with TC-CVS, punctures were fewer (1.4±0.5) and (1.1±0.4) and specimen amount was more (9±5) mg and (17±5) mg in TA-CVS, and the success rate of one puncture (62.3% vs 87.2% ) was higher in TA-CVS. (3)Among the cases followed up, the incidence of vaginal bleeding(TA-CVS: 2 eases, 2.0% ; TC-CVS: 2 cases, 6.1% ) and spontaneous abortion (TA-CVS: 4 cases, 4.0%; TC-CVS: 1 cases, 3.0%) were not significantly different between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion TA-CVS appears to be a good method for early prenatal diagnosis with a wide range of indications, high success rate and sufficient specimen.