住院早产儿校正年龄1岁时体格和神经心理发育情况及影响因素分析

目的 分析住院早产儿校正年龄1岁时体格和神经心理发育情况及追赶生长的影响因素.方法 选择2017年1月1日至2019年6月30日于北京市朝阳区妇幼保健院出生的450例住院早产儿及200例健康足月儿为研究对象,比较两组幼儿1岁时体格和神经心理发育情况.将早产儿按照发育情况分为体质量追赶生长满意组(360例)和不满意组(9...

The physical and neuropsychological development of hospitalized premature infants at the adjusted age of 1 year and the influencing factors

Objective To analyze the physical and neuropsychological development of hospitalized premature infants at the adjusted age of 1 year and the influencing factors of catch-up growth.Methods From January 1,2017 to June 30,2019,450 hospitalized premature infants and 200 healthy full-term infants who born in Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected as the research subjects.The physical and neuropsychological development of the two groups at the adjusted age of 1 year were compared.The preterm infants were divided into the weight catch-up growth satisfaction group(360 cases)and dissatisfaction group(90 cases),development quotient normal group(373 cases)and development low group(77 cases)according to their development status.The influencing factors of weight catch-up growth and development of preterm infants at the adjusted age of 1 year were analyzed.Statistical analysis was performed using t test,χ² test and Logistic regression analysis.Results The height[(74.7±2.1)vs(75.1±2.3)cm],weight[(9.7±1.1)vs(10.0±1.2)kg],head circumference[(45.0±1.5)vs(45.3±1.6)cm]and developmental quotient of preterm infants at the adjusted age of 1 year were significantly lower than those of full-term infants(P<0.05).The gestational age at birth<32 weeks,daily milk intake below normal(OR=2.665,95%CI:1.318-5.389),early birth with digestive abnormalities(OR=3.615,95%CI:1.680-7.779)and high nutritional risk at discharge(OR=4.194,95%CI:1.782-9.867)were independent risk factors of unsatisfactory growth effect of catch-up for premature infants at adjusted age of 1 year.Low birth weight(OR=2.628,95%CI:1.474-4.687),early birth with neurological damage(OR=3.208,95%CI:1.573-6.544)were independent risk factors of low developmental quotient for preterm infants at adjusted age of 1 year,and receiving developmental training(OR=0.497,95%CI:0.295-0.838)was a protective factor.Conclusions The physical and neuropsychological development of preterm infants at adjusted age of 1 year are weaker than those of full-term infants.Catch-up growth is mainly affected by gestational age,birth weight,birth complications and other factors,reasonable intervention can reduce the risk of underdevelopment.