分娩镇痛的研究进展

社会在不断进步，医学模式也发生很大的变化，人们对生活质量有了更高的要求，孕妇对分娩过程的疼痛产生恐惧心理，减少和消除孕妇分娩过程中产生的疼痛，是临床产科医护人员急需解决的问题。分娩疼痛是一种剧烈的疼痛，临床上很多孕妇因害怕分娩过程中疼痛而拒绝阴道分娩，因此笔者在研究调查过程中发现没有开展镇痛分娩的医院，剖宫产率居高不下。国家卫健委于2018年11月20日发文《关于开展分娩镇痛试点工作》中提出，进一步规范分娩镇痛操作技术，提升分娩镇痛的覆盖范围，普及镇痛条件下的自然分娩，降低剖宫率，增加医疗服务舒适化程度，提高孕妇分娩过程的舒适度。现对分娩镇痛方法综述如下。

Research Progress of Labor Analgesia

With the continuous progress of society,the medical model has changed greatly.People have higher requirements for the quality of life.Pregnant women are afraid of the pain in the process of delivery.To reduce and eliminate the pain in the process of delivery is an urgent problem for clinical obstetric medical staff to solve.Childbirth pain is a kind of severe pain.Many pregnant women refuse vaginal delivery for fear of pain in the process of childbirth.Therefore,in the process of research and investigation,the author found that the cesarean section rate is high in hospitals that do not carry out analgesic childbirth.On November 20,2018,the National Health Commission issued a document“on the pilot work of labor analgesia”,which proposed to further standardize the operation technology of labor analgesia,improve the coverage of labor analgesia,popularize natural childbirth under the condition of analgesia,reduce the rate of cesarean section,increase the comfort degree of medical services,and improve the comfort degree of pregnant women in the process of delivery.Now the methods of labor analgesia are summarized as follows.