沿海地区失能老年人家庭照护品质与照护者社会支持的相关研究

目的:探讨沿海地区失能老年人居家照护品质与照护者社会支持系统的相关性。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样法,收集唐山市沿海地区2 155名失能老年人及其家庭照顾者的一般情况,应用失能老年人家庭照护品质量表、社会支持量表进行不同维度测评,应用方差分析法对不同分级社会支持的照护品质单项评分和总分进行比较,应用Pearson相关分析法分析失能老年人家庭照护品质与社会支持的相关性。结果:照护者高水平与低水平社会支持的照护品质各单项评分及总分相比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),高水平与中等水平社会支持比较,除水分获得、家庭成员的需求满足2项评分,其余项目差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);中水平与低水平社会支持比较,除去舒适程度、皮肤的完整性、照顾者与残病老人的关系品质、照护者获得个人成长、照顾者情绪的影响5项,其余项目差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。失能老年人家庭照护品质评分与照护者的社会支持程度呈正相关(r=0.608,P<0.01)。结论:照护者受社会支持程度影响失能老年人家庭照护品质,注重照护者的社会支持,提高失能老年人家庭照护质量。

Study on the correlation between the quality of home care for the disabled elderly in the coastal areas and the social support system for caregivers

Objective:To research on the correlation between the quality of home care for the disabled elderly in the coastal areas and the social support system for caregivers.Methods:The general situation of 2 155 disabled elderly and their family caregivers in coastal areas of Tangshan was collected by stratified random sampling method.The Family Caregiving Consequences Inventory for disabled elderly and Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS) were used to evaluate the general condition from different dimensions.The score of single item and total score of care quality in different grades of social support were compared.The data was analyzed by an one-way ANOVA.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze quality of the family care for the disabled elderly and social support.Results:There was a statiscally significant difference in the individual scores and total scores of the quality of family care for the disabled elderly with high and low levels of social support to caregivers(P<0.01).Comparison the high and medium levels of social support, with the exception of water access, family members needs to meet,there were statistically significant differences in other items(P<0.01).Comparison of medium and low levels of social support, In addition to comfort degree, skin integrity, the quality of the relationship between caregivers and the disabled elderly, the personal growth of caregivers, and the influence of caregivers′ emotions, there were statistically significant differences in other items(P<0.01).The score of the quality of family care for the disabled elderly increased with the degree of social support(r=0.608,P<0.01).Conclusion:The degree of social support affects the quality of family care for the disabled elderly, and the social support of the caregivers is emphasized to improve the quality of family care for the disabled elderly.