染镉雌性大鼠垂体、卵巢对性腺激素的反应机能状况

目的 研究镉的雌性性腺素性及其机制，为镉中毒防治研究提供科学依据。方法 不同剂量的对雌性大鼠行亚慢性皮下注射染毒（每天1次，每周5d，连续6周）。染毒20d后连续观察并记录动情周期；于染毒结束时进行促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）刺激试验，采用放免法测定FSH、LH变化；采用原子吸收光普法测定卵巢、子宫、血清镉含量；将小鼠随机分成3组，连续染镉5d，每天1次，染毒第6天进行超排卵试验。结果 （1）染毒组大鼠子宫、卵巢含量均高于低剂量和对照组（P＜0．05）且子宫与卵巢镉、血清隔含量有明显相关性；（2）高剂量组大鼠动情间期和动情周期异常经较其他剂量组明显增高（P＜0．05）；（3）注射GnRH前，各剂量组间大鼠血清中LH、FSH差异未见显著性（P＜0．05），注射GnRH后，各剂量组血清中LH、FSH水平较注射前均明显升高，差异有显著性（P＜0．05），而注射后染镉组大鼠血清中LH水平显著低于对照组（P＜0．05），FSH则否；（4）染镉小鼠超数排儿中组小鼠的儿子数差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论 子宫、卵巢也是镉的重要器官，镉可引起雌性大鼠动情周期明显异常，染镉大鼠垂体对超量GnRH的反应能力和代偿能力功能明显损害，面卵巢对于超量促性腺激素的反应机能基本正常，但不排除常量对反应机能下降的可能。

Studies on the stimulating reaction of pituitary and ovary to sexual hormones in Cadmium-induced rats

Objective To investigate the effects of cadmiun (Cd)on female gonads, especially the stimulating reaction of pituitary and ovary to sexual hormones ; Methods SD female rats were given subcutan eously with the different doses of Cd for 6 weeks(5 days a week, daily) and the estrus cycle of rats was observed, the changes of Cd levels in serum, ovary and uterus were measured, respectively, the gonadotrpic-release hormons (GnRH)stimulating test were carried out in rats, with the serum FSH and LH level determined.30 female mice(KM) were assigned randomly to 3 groups and given the different doses of Cd intraper-itoneally for 5 days (daily) and then the super-ovulation test was perfoned, Results (1)the Cd comtents both in the uterus and the ovary of Cd rats were higher(P<0.05);(2)the ratio of estrus cycle abnormity was higher in the Cd rats than in the control;(3)before the injection of GnRH, there were not significant difference of serum FSH, LH between groups, After the injection of GnRH, the level of serum FSH and LH increased significantly in the Cd rats than in the control(P<0.05);(4)in the super-ovulation test, we had not found the signficant difference of the amount of ova between each groups . Conclusion The ovary may be an important target of Cd effect,causing the gonad toxicity of female rats, such as the abnormity of estrus cycle, Both the lstmulating reaction function and the compensation ability of pituitary to the sexual hormones have been damaged, but no damage was found as regards ovary to super level sexual hormones has not been found.