脑血管病患者的饮食和生活习性调查

目的　探讨膳食营养和生活习性与急性脑血管病之间的关系 ,从营养学角度加强脑血管病 (CVD)预防。方法　采用回顾性调查法 ,询问并记录 1 2 2例急性缺血性 CAD、65例急性出血性 CVD患者和 72例非 CVD者的膳食情况及生活习性 ,观察相关临床资料 ,进行对照研究。结果　缺血组、出血组、对照组三组间互相对比 ,在总能量、蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化物、胆固醇、动物蛋白、优质蛋白、嗜咸、吸烟、体育锻炼、睡眠时间、便秘、体重超重、血压、血脂及血糖等方面分别均有显著或极显著统计学差异。结论　膳食营养因素及生活习性与 CVD关系密切 ,有的已构成危险因素。故应控制总能量摄入 ,按比例适当摄入蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化物 ,并保证动物蛋白、优质蛋白的充分摄取 ,做到膳食平衡。还应改变不良生活习性 ,适当参加体育锻炼 ,维持理想体重 ,以利更有效地防治 CVD。

INVESTIGATION ON DIETARY PATTERN AND LIFE STYLE OF ACUTE CVD PATIENTS

Objective: To probe the relationship between dietary pattern and life style and acute cerebrovascular disease(CVD) of different natures so as to enhance the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention against CVD. Methods: We performed the comparative study after carrying out a retrospective survey in which we recorded the diet pattern and life style of 122 acute ischemic CVD patients, 65 acute hemorrhagic CVD patients and 72 individuals free from CVD. [WT5FZ]Results:[WT5BZ] The comparison among the three groups as mentioned above showed that remarkable or extremely remarkable differences of statistics existed in total energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, cholesterol, animal protein, quality protein, salt favor, smoking, physical activity, sleeping hours, constipation, overweight, blood pressure, serum lipid and glucose and other items. [WT5FZ]Conclusion:[WT5BZ] This study further demonstrates that dietary pattern and life style are closely related to CVD and some of them have become risk factors. Therefore, total intake of energy shall be controlled, and protein, fat and carbohydrate shall be taken in appropriate proportion. The animal and quality proteins shall be adequately supplied. Other measures such as removing unfavorable life style, taking physical activity appropriately and keeping ideal weight can be taken to prevent CVD effectively.