水疗对缺氧缺血新生鼠学习记忆的干预效应

目的探讨水疗对缺氧缺血性脑损伤（hypoxia-ischemia brain damage，HIBD）新生大鼠学习记忆的干预效应及可能的机制。方法7日龄SD大鼠随机分为水疗组、非干预组与假手术对照组，水疗组在HIBD后24h予相应干预治疗．持续28d。以免疫组织化学法检测不同时点海马CA1区N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸（N-methyl-D-aspartate．NMDA）受体NR1亚单位的表达，并于干预结束后利用Morris水迷宫测定各组学习记忆能力，透射电镜观察海马突触结构。结果干预28d．水疗组海马CA1区NR1的蛋白表达及学习记忆能力明显高于非干预组,但低于假手术组，与假手术组差异显著。透射电镜下，水疗组大鼠海马突触后膜致密物（post synaptic density，PSD）较多，结构致密，非干预组海马PSD少，结构疏松，颜色浅谈。结论水疗能一定程度改善HIBD新生大鼠的学习记忆能力，抑制海马NMDA受体下调是其可能的机制之一。

Effect of hydrotherapy on learning and memory abilities of neonatal rats with hypoxia-ischemia brain damage

Objective To investigate the effect of hydrotherapy on learning and memory abilities of neonatal rats with hypoxia-ischemia brain damage.Methods The established HIBD rats were randomly divided into hydrotherapy group and non-intervention group.The sham-operation rats were served as normal control group.The hydrotherapy group were treated for 28d after HIBD.Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA) receptor NR1 subunit in hippocampal CA1 region at different time-points.Behavior training(Morris water maze) and electronic microscope were used respectively to test the learning and memory abilities and synaptic structure as well.Results The expression of NR1 in hippocampal CA1 region and the learning and memory abilities were increased obviously in hydrotherapy group compared with non-intervention group.However,they were reduced obviously in hydrotherapy group compared with sham group.Postsynaptic density(PSD) in hippocampus in hydrotherapy group was more than non-intervention group.Conclusion Hydrotherapy can improve the learning and memory abilities of neonatal rats with HIBD.Inhibiting to down-regulate the expression of NMDA receptor in hippocampus might be one of the mechanism.