运动员贫血的研究

为防治运动员贫血,本文以集训队、体育院校和业余体校的运动员427人为对象进行了系列研究,结果表明: 1.192名集训队优秀运动员和124名儿童青少年运动员的贫血检出率分别是22.4%和39.5%,女性和年幼运动员的贫血检出率较高。2.运动员在加大运动量训练的早期(1—2月),多数Hb水平下降、尿氮排出量增加。全面营养补充对预防运动性贫血有一定效果。3.血液学指标研究提示缺铁性贫血是运动员贫血的一种主要类型。

STUDIES ON ANEMIA IN ATHLETES

For the prevention and treatment of anemia in athletes, a series of studies have been conducted on 427 athletes of training teams, institute of physical education, and amateur school of physical education in Beijing. The main results were as follows: 1. The anemia incidences of 192 elite athletes and 124 children and adolescent athletes were 22.4% and39.5% respectively. The anemia incidences were significantly higher in female and younger athletes. 2. Hb levels decreased and urinary nitrogen output increased at the early stage of intensive training(one-two month) of the majority athletes investigated. Comprehensive nutrition supplementation was effectivein preventing sports anemia. 3. Results of the investigation on blood parameters showed that iron deficient anemia was the majortype in anemia of athletes. 4. RBC filter rates decreased and RBC osmotic fragility, RBC suspension viscosity, and the percentagesof abnormal shaped RBC (by SEM) increased in athletes after anaerobic exercise, but there have beenenough evidences to elucidate whether the damaging effects on RBC deformability induced by anaerobic exercise would cause anemia. 5. Sweat iron levels of adult and children athletes were 60 30 ug/dL and 42 10 ug/dL respectively.Iron absorption rate of athletes in training (9.1 2.9%) was significantly lower than that of the non-training period (11.9 4.7%). The results suggested that athletes with heavy sweating and in systematictraining are "sensitive" population to iron deficient anemia.