自闭症患儿的听功能及其传出神经功能评估

目的评估自闭症患儿的听功能和传出神经功能。方法对30例自闭症患儿和15例正常儿童分别行听性脑干反应（ABR）和耳声发射（OAE）测试，并以55dBnHL白噪声为对侧抑制声，进行畸变产物耳声发射（DPOAE）和瞬态诱发耳声发射（TEOAE）对侧抑制效应测试，比较两组结果。结果①ABR检查结果：30例（60耳）自闭症患儿中，25例（50耳）的ABR闯值均在20dBnHL以内，1例左耳闽值为30dBnHL，右耳阉值为40dBnHL，1例（2耳）阈值均为50dBnHL，3例（6耳）ABR未引出；正常组15例（30耳）ABR阈值均在20dBnHL以内；与正常组左、右耳I-V波间期（分别为4．30±0．14、4．31±0．14ms）比较．自闭症组（分别为4．07±0．24、4．08±0．22ms）有缩短的趋势（P〈O．05）；②OAE检查结果：正常组均可引出；30例自闭症患儿除3例ABR未引出者和1例双耳ABR阈值为50dBnHL者OAE未引出外，其余26例均引出，且1、2kHzOAE幅值与正常组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；③对侧抑制结果：正常组幅值均降低；自闭症组26例OAE可引出者中，1例ABR阂值不对称者对侧给予55dBnHL白噪声后，OAE幅值不降低反而升高，其余25例OAE幅值均降低；两组OAE对侧抑制幅值差值无统计学差异。结论与同龄正常儿童相比，自闭症患儿更容易出现听功能障碍。

The Hearing Status and the Functions of Efferent System in Autistic Children

Objective To assess hearing and efferent system functions of autistic children.Methods Tests were performed on 30 Autistic children and 15 normal children to evaluate hearing objectively by using otoacoustic emission (OAE) and auditory brainstem response (ABR).The efferent system functions were analyzed through contralateral suppression in OAE.Results The mean ABR Ⅰ-Ⅴ interpeak latencies (IPLs) in children with Autism were significantly reduced than that in the control group.The amplitudes of OAE at 1 kHz and 2 kHz in autistic children were significantly different in two groups.There were no significant differences in contralateral suppressions between the Autistic children and the control.Conclusion Hearing impairment may be more common in children with Autism than in normal children,while for a few Autistic children,their efferent system functions are affected.