三级甲等医院护士心理安全感及影响因素的调查

目的探讨三级甲等医院护士的心理安全感现状及其影响因素，为维护护士的身心健康和建立科学的护理管理体系提供理论依据。方法选取哈尔滨市某三级甲等医院的600名护士进行安全感一不安全感问卷调查，统计心理安全感得分，比较不同个体特征心理安全感情况并分析其影响因素。结果共回收有效问卷542份，有效回收率为90．3％。542名护士的心理安全感平均得分为（27．23±9．41）分，67．3％的护士处于安全感范围内；不同学历、职称、婚姻状况的护士心理安全感差异无统计学意义（F分别为0．443，2．037，0．686；P均〉0．05）；随着年龄和工作年限的增长，护士的心理安全感逐渐增强，差异均有统计学意义（，分别为8．573，6．910；P均〈0．05）。以护士的个体特征为自变量，以心理安全感得分为因变量进行多元回归分析，结果显示影响护士心理安全感的相关因素是年龄、职称和工作年限（t分别为-3．534，2．167，-2．943；P均〈0．05）。结论护士的心理安全感整体处于中等偏上的水平，与护士的年龄、职称和工作年限有关。管理部门应开展必要的心理咨询和科学指导，进一步提高护理人员的心理安全感水平，从而提高护士的生活质量和护理工作质量。

Investigation of psychological security and influencing factors of nurses in grade-three class-A hospitals

Objective To explore the status of psychological security and influencing factors of nurses in grade-three class-A hospitals to provide evidence for keeping psychological security and establishing nursing management system. Methods Totals of 600 nurses from grade-three class-A hospitals in Harbin were investigated with security-insecurity questionnaire, the security scores were recorded, psychological security status of different individual were compared and influencing factors were analysed. Results 542 （90.3%） questionnaires were adopted into the study. The average psychological security score was （27.23 ± 9.41 ）, with 67.3% of nurses in security scope. Psychological security of different education background, professional titles and marital status was not statistically significant different （ F = 0. 443,2. 037,0. 686, respectively; P 〉 0. 05 ） ; psychological security of nurses was stranger with age and working time increasing, and the difference was statistically significant （ F = 8. 573,6. 910, respectively;P 〈 0. 05 ） ; influencing factors of nurses＇ psychological security were age, professional titles and working years （ t = -3. 534,2. 167, - 2. 943, respectively; P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusions Psychological security of nurses are in towards the top of the middle level, which are influenced by age, professional titles and working years . So administration department should launch psychological counseling and scientific guidance to raise their psychological security level and improve their quality of life and nursing quality.