Mechanisms of Tumor Growth and Metastasis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
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| Authors: | Jarrett E. Walsh Deanne M. R. Lathers Angela C. Chi M. Boyd Gillespie Terry A. Day M. Rita I. Young |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Research Service, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, 109 Bee Street, Charleston, SC 29401-5799, USA;(2) Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;(3) Department of Stomatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;(4) Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA |
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| Abstract: | Opinion statement The formation and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is multisystemic and involves the immune system, vascularization, and dissemination. Immune involvement includes the subversion of anti-tumor defenses. Vascularization involves both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Dissemination involves local tumor invasion as well as distant metastasis through processes including angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Current studies in the dysregulation of various processes, including genetic stability, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, immune regulation, and immune function, are opening opportunities for the development of targeted tumor therapies. The interrelationship of these processes in HNSCC development will be explored in this review. |
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