药物新靶标非神经性乙酰胆碱系统的分布特征与功能

非神经性乙酰胆碱系统(non—neuronal acetvl—choline system，NNAs)广泛存在于各种非神经支配的组织或器官中。非神经性ACh，以自分泌或旁分泌方式，通过相应的受体参与细胞基本功能的调节，如基因表达、增生、分化、细胞骨架的组成、细胞间接触、细胞运动、迁移、液体的分泌与重吸收以及细胞的营养等功能，也对细胞因子的释放和系统急性炎症等方面具有重要调节作用。非神经性胆碱系统具有的广泛的生物学功能提示，非神经胆碱系统功能异常在一些疾病如炎症、动脉粥样硬化、局部及系统感染以及肿瘤等中具有重要的作用。因此，NNAs已成为药物研究的新靶标。

Non-neuronal acetylcholine distributed and characteristics of function in biological system

ACh is widely expressed in pro- and eukaryotic non-neuronal cells. Non-neuronal ACh mediates its cellular actions in an auto-and paracrine manner via the activation of the widely expressed nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, which can interfere with virtually all cellular signalling pathways. Non-neuronal ACh appears to be involved in the regulation of basic cell functions, such as mitosis, cell differentiation, organization of the cytoskeleton, cell-cell contact, secretion, and absorption. Non-neuronal ACh also plays a role in the regulation of immune functions. The involvement of the non-neuronal cholinergic system in the pathogenesis of variety of diseases should be investigated to open up new therapeutic strategies.