中药车前草有效部位初探

目的：提取分离车前草的有效部位，并进行抗菌研究。方法：用醇提水沉法分离脂溶性与水溶性部分，并用大孔树脂柱层析法以水和不同浓度的乙醇时水溶性部分进行初步分离得出其不同部位，通过药物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的敏感性实验，对水溶性部位进行体外抗菌研究。结果：分离得一个脂溶性和四个水溶性部位，其中三个水溶性部位对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌在体外有不同程度的抑制作用。结论：分离得熊果酸、糖类、黄酮类、三萜皂苷类成分。40％乙醇洗脱物（三萜皂苷类）有对抗大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌作用，是车前草的主要抗菌部位。

Effective part of Herba Plantaginis

Objective: To extract and isolate the effective part of Herba Plantaginis to study its antibiosis function.Methods: After one liposolubility part and four water-solubility parts of Herba Plantaginis were separated,its different water-solubility parts were isolated with water and different concentrations of alcohol by using the way of macroporous resin column chromatography and the in vitro antibiosis study was done on the water-solubility parts with their sensitivity test to Bacillus coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Results: Among the four water-solubility parts of Herba Plantaginis,three parts showed different degree of in vitro inhibitory action on Bacillus coli and Staphylococcus aureus.Conclusion: Four kinds of components (ursolic acid,carbohydrate,flavonoids and triterpenoid saponins) are obtained by isolation,and the triterpenoid saponins is sensitive to Bacillus coli and Staphylococcus aureus,which is the main antibiosis part.