腹腔镜下广泛性子宫切除术治疗早期子宫颈癌的疗效及对患者预后和生命质量的影响

目的 探讨腹腔镜下广泛性子宫切除术[即腹腔镜下广泛性子宫切除+盆腔淋巴结切除术( LRH+ LPL)]治疗早期(Ⅰa2～Ⅱa期)宫颈癌的疗效及对患者预后和生命质量的影响.方法 回顾性分析2002年1月1日至2011年1月1日在广西医科大学附属肿瘤医院妇瘤科行LRH+ LPL的85例早期宫颈癌患者(腹腔镜组)和行开腹广泛性子宫切除术[即开腹广泛性子宫切除+盆腔淋巴结切除术( ARH+ APL)]的85例早期宫颈癌患者(开腹组)的临床病理资料,采用欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织(EORT)的生命质量核心量表——EORTC2C30及自制的特异性量表对存活患者进行生命质量调查,比较两组患者的疗效及生命质量调查结果,并采用Cox比例风险模型分析影响患者预后的因素.结果 腹腔镜组中2例患者中转开腹,其他患者均成功完成了LRH+ LPL.与开腹组相比,腹腔镜组的手术时间[腹腔镜组和开腹组分别为( 242±74)和(190±61) min,P=0.000]明显增加,术中出血量[分别为( 367±252)和(460±220)ml,P=0.006]明显减少,术后肛门排气时间[分别为(45±7)和(63±11)h,P=0.000]、术后排尿功能恢复时间[分别为(19±4)和(21±4)d,P=0.000]明显减少,而盆腔淋巴结切除数目、宫旁组织切除长度、阴道切除长度以及术中、术后并发症发生率无明显差异(P＞0.05).开腹组与腹腔镜组患者的复发率和病死率(均分别为7％和5％,P=0.540)、累积5年无瘤生存率(分别为90％和94％,P=0.812)、累积5年总生存率(分别为90％和95％,P=0.532)、生命质量调查结果比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).Cox比例风险模型分析显示,仅脉管浸润是影响宫颈癌患者预后的独立危险因素(P=0.016).结论 LRH+ LPL治疗早期宫颈癌能达到与ARH+ APL相同的疗效,而术中出血量少,术后恢复快,且患者术后生命质量相似;脉管浸润是影响患者预后的独立危险因素,而手术方式并不影响患者预后.因此,对于有经验的术者,LRH+LPL是治疗早期宫颈癌的一种较为理想的手术方式的选择.

Impact on survival and quality of life of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy to patients with early-stage cervical cancer

Objective To compare intraoperative,pathologic,postoperative outcomes and quality of life of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy ( LRH + LPL) with abdominal radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy ( ARH + APL) for patients with early-stage cervical cancer.Methods The consecutive cases with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages Ⅰ a2 - Ⅱ a cervical cancer who underwent surgery from Jan.1,2002 to Jan.1,2011 were documented,including 85 patients underwent LRH + LPL,and 85 patients underwent ARH + APL as control group.The clinical data of intraoperative,pathologic,postoperative outcomes and quality of life were compared between two groups.Survival data were estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and compared with the log-rank test.Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis.Results All but 2 surgical procedures were completed laparoscopically because of right common ihac vein vessel injuries.Mean operative time,it was longer for LRH + LPL than that for ARH + APL [ (242 ±74) minutes vs.( 190 ±61 ) minutes,P =0.000 ].Mean recovery time of intestines function was less for LRH + LPL than that for ARH + APL [ (45 ± 7 ) hours vs.(63 ± 1 1 ) hours,P =0.000 ].Mean estimated blood loss was less for LRH + LPL than that for ARH + APL[ (367 ±252) ml vs.(460 ±220) ml,P =0.006].Mean recovery time of urinary function was less that for LRH + LPL than that for ARH + APL [ ( 19 ±4) days vs.(21 ±4) days,P =0.000 ].There were no significant difference in numbers of the pelvic lymph nodes resected,the extent of parametrial tissue,vaginal cuff,negative margins obtained and complications.The median follow-up was 32 months (range 4 to 105 months),there was no significant difference in the recurrence rate (7％ vs.5％,P=0.540) and mortality rate (7％ vs.5％,P=0.540),5 years disease-free survival(90％ vs.94％,P =0.812),5 years over survival ( 90％ vs.95％,P =0.532 ).There were not significant difference in quality of life between ARH + APL group and LRH + LPL group( P ＞ 0.05 ).Only lympho-vascular space invasion was an independent prognostic factor by multivariate analysis (P =0.016).Conclusions For early stage cervical cancer,LRH + LPL has similar outcomes compared with ARH + APL.Laparoscopic treatment by experienced surgeons should be an ideal altemative.