2003--2006年民航空勤人员医学临时停飞原因分析

目的分析民航空勤人员医学临时停飞原因与特点，为航卫保障工作提供可靠的临床流行病学依据。方法对2003年至2006年度516例东方航空江苏有限公司空勤人员因医学原因临时停飞情况进行调查，其中飞行员123人，空中乘务员342人，空中安全员51人。分析不同年度、不同职别人员医学临时停飞原因及临时停飞天数。应用SPSS13．0统计软件进行统计分析。结果①临时停飞疾病居前10位的是上呼吸道感染、急性肠炎、气压性中耳炎、急性胃肠炎、软组织损伤、急慢性胃炎、痛经和月经不调、扁桃体炎、腰扭伤和腰肌劳损、皮炎。②上呼吸道感染是引起医学临时停飞的首要原因，高血压、气压性中耳炎、妊娠分别是飞行员、空中安全员、空中乘务员医学临时停飞的主要原因。③上呼吸道感染和气压性中耳炎在医学临时停飞总天数中位居前列，骨折、烫伤、肾炎及肾盂肾炎以及腰椎间盘突出症在单次医学临时停飞天数中位居前列。结论应加强对空勤人员的健康教育，有针对性地开展预防工作，使其加强体质锻炼，养成良好生活习惯，降低医学临时停飞率。

Analysis of medical causes leading to civil aircrew temporary grounding from 2003 to 2006

Objective To analyze the characteristics and causes leading to civil aircrew medical temporary grounding and to provide the clinical epidemiology reference for aeromedical protection.Methods The constituent ratio of grounding cases and days of medical temporary grounding from 2003 to 2006 in China Eastern Airlines Jiangsu Ltd.were investigated and statistically analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software.Results The top ten diseases led to 516 aircrew medical temporary grounding in China Eastern Airlines Jiangsu Ltd.were upper respiratory tract infection,acute enteritis,barotraumatic otitis media,acute gastroenteritis,soft tissue injury,acute or chronic gastritis,dysmenorrhea and menoxenia,tonsillitis,lumbar sprain and lumbar muscle strain and dermatitis.Upper respiratory tract infection was the prime reason for aircrew medical temporary grounding.Hypertension disease,barotraumatic otitis media and pregnancy were the other important causes leading pilot,security officer and steward medical temporary grounding.Upper respiratory tract infection and barotraumatic otitis media,fracture,scald,nephritis and pyelonephritis and prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc ranked the top of total and average sick leave days.Conclusions It is suggested that the health education and orientated prevention should be strengthened.Participating in physical exercise and taking good lifestyle habit would be helpful to reduce the rate of medical temporary grounding.